Week 6 Note Cards Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Week 6 Note Cards Deck (35)
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1
Q

What are the 4 structures of protein?

A

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

2
Q

What is a primary structure protein?

A

sequence and number of amino acids that link together to form the peptide chain

3
Q

What is a secondary structure protein?

A

begin to chain on to each other forming a beta pleat or alpha helix

4
Q

What is a tertiary structure protein?

A

when 2 or more protein chains join to form a complex macromolecule

5
Q

Antibodies have what and why?

A

a specific shape, to join like a puzzle piece with a specific foreign protein that invades the body

6
Q

What are structural proteins?

A

Stable, ridged, water insoluble proteins used for adding strength to tissues or cells. (some involved in blood clotting)

7
Q

What are functional proteins?

A

generally water soluble and have a flexible, 3 dimensional shape, which can change under different circumstances.

8
Q

What do you need to make ATP in the body?

A

Enzymes

9
Q

What does denaturing of proteins do?

A

heat breaks down the bonds, complex structures are released, stretched into straight chains and lose there function.

10
Q

What are the nucleic acids?

A

DNA- deoxyribonucleic acid, RNA- ribonucleic acid, ATP adenosine triphosphate

11
Q

What are genes?

A

instructions coded in segments of DNA

12
Q

What are the 3 types of RNA?

A

messenger, transfer, and ribosomal

13
Q

What does messenger RNA do?

A

Copies the information in the DNA molecule

14
Q

What does transfer RNA do?

A

Carries the information out of the nucleus

15
Q

What does Ribosomal RNA do?

A

Uses the information to create proteins

16
Q

What is a sematic cell?

A

Every cell in the body except a reproductive cell

17
Q

What is ageing?

A

the slowing down of cells

18
Q

What is mitosis?

A

(nuclear division) replication of identical daughter cells

19
Q

What is Interphase?

A

the stage where DNA is synthesized

20
Q

What are the 3 phases of Interphase?

A

G1, S phase and G2

21
Q

What is the G1 phase?

A

growth, the cell doubles in size

22
Q

What is the S phase?

A

Growth and DNA, Cell duplicates chromosomes

23
Q

What is the G2 phase?

A

growth and final preparations for division

24
Q

What is an allele?

A

the opposite form of a gene

25
Q

Draw out Mitosis and Meiosis

A
26
Q

What happens in prophase?

A

start to see the spindel finers and there is a break down of the nuclear envelope

27
Q

What happens in Metapahse?

A

DNA lines up into a metaphase plate

28
Q

what happens in anaphase?

A

Seperation of chromatides

29
Q

WHat happens in telophase?

A

Cytokenises ( cytoplasm cutting)

30
Q

At the end of Mitosis what do you have?

A

2 identical daughter cells that are gong to go through interphase, diploid #’s

31
Q

At the end of Meiosis what do you have?

A

Haploid #’s, gamete

32
Q

What is a zygote?

A

2 gametes combined

33
Q

What is synapsis?

A

where the dna crosses over on 2 chromomses, where you get genetic varability from

34
Q

What is a tetrad?

A

when chromosomes pair up.

35
Q

What is different in Anaphase 1 of meiosis vs anaphase in mitosis?

A

in anaphase one you have seperation of full chromosomes, in anaphase it is the seperation of chromatides