Week 6: Introduction to Proactive Behaviour Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Week 6: Introduction to Proactive Behaviour Deck (23)
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1
Q

Proactivity is a _____ process and it is essentially about taking control to…

Proactivity involves ____ and ____ to bring about change in the environment and or oneself to achieve ____.

A

goal-driven
make things happen, rather than watch them unfold

aspiring and striving
a different future

2
Q

Proactivity has three attributes. What are they?

A

self-starting, change-oriented and future-focused

3
Q

In what ways does proactivity enhance workplace performance and career success?

A

proactivity helps in terms of
job performance, promotions, rank and salary level (objective), career and job satisfaction (subjective), stress management

4
Q

More proactive employees may benefit the company in what ways?

A

more voice, creativity and innovation

5
Q

A proactive personality is ones tendency to be relatively…

A

unconstrained by situational forces in effecting environmental change

6
Q

People high on conscientiousness usually want to achieve what?

A

they value properly finishing tasks according to rules and guidelines, so they seek to have a good fit between them and the company

7
Q

What are the individual differences and values enhancing proactive behaviour?

  1. _____ - the tendency of an individual to be relatively unconstrained by situational forces in effecting environmental change
  2. _____ - people high on this want to achieve a good fit with the company
  3. _____ - people high on this may use proactivity to reduce uncertainty and increase a sense of control
  4. _____ - encompass freedom of thought and change and innovation orientation (proactivity is an expression of these values)
  5. _____ - positive self-belief enhance motivational states
  6. _____ - find productivity less risky because they see everything as a learning opportunity and are generally more persistent and quicker to recover from set-backs
  7. ______ - people high on this usually have higher self-efficacy
  8. _____ - enhances the individual belief that they can set and strive for proactive goals as well as their reasons to do so (it has a direct effect on goal generation and goal striving and an indirect effect on motivational states)
A
  1. proactive personality
  2. conscientiousness
  3. desire for control
  4. openness to change values
  5. core self-belief
  6. learning goal orientation
  7. knowledge, skill and abilities
  8. positive affect
8
Q

Those high on desire for control may use proactivity to reduce ____ and increase a _____.

A

uncertainty, sense of control

9
Q

Those who score high on openness to change values encompass _____ , _____ and _____ orientation (proactivity is an expression of these values)

A

freedom of though, change, innovation

10
Q

Those with a high core self-belief are likelier to….

A

enhance motivational and proactivity states

11
Q

Those with high learning goal orientation find proactivity less risky, because…

A

they see everything as a learning opportunity and are generally more persistent and quicker to recover from negative setbacks

12
Q

Those with high knowledge, skills and activities usually also have higher ____.

A

self-efficacy

13
Q

Those with strong positive affect have an enhanced belief that they can…

A

set and strive for proactive goals

14
Q

Name 4 contextual variables affecting proactive behaviour.

A

work design
job stressors
leadership
interpersonal climate and social processes

15
Q

Name three ways in which work design affects proactive behaviour?

A

enriched jobs influence perceptions of control over the work environment and self-efficacy and thus influence the ‘can do’ proactive motivation mindset

enriched jobs create conditions under which individuals experience enjoyment and flow and are thus intrinsically motivated to be proactive in their work (reason-to)

enriched jobs promote energised states (energised-to)

16
Q

In what way do job stressors enhance proactive behaviour?

A

employees may engage in proactive behaviour to alleviate stressors

e.g. when there is role ambiguity, an employee may actively seek out feedback to reduce the ambiguity

17
Q

In what way can leadership enhance proactive behaviour?

A

transformational leadership is positively related to followers innovative work behaviour and proactivity since those leaders communicate a vision with a clear difference of what the current state is and what the desired state is

LMX provides safety to take risks

18
Q

How can interpersonal climate and social processes enhance proactive behaviour?

A

cooperative and safe team climates reduce the experienced risk of proactive behaviour

19
Q

proactive goal generation is…

A

anticipating future states and developing strategies to reach those goals

20
Q

proactive goal generation is a ____ process involving the setting of a _____.

proactive goal generation needs to be _____, _____ and _____.

A

goal-driven
proactive goal

self-initiated, envisioned, planned

21
Q

proactive goal striving describes the next step after proactive goal generation. essentially, it is the behavioural mechanisms with which…

A

individuals attain their proactive goal by mobilising and monitoring their day-to-day behaviour

22
Q

proactive goal striving can be one of two things. what are those?

A

it can either be enacting or reflecting

23
Q

what is the difference between enacting proactive goal striving and reflecting proactive goal striving?

A

enacting: actually taking action to achieve the personal goals
reflecting: efforts to understand the success, failure or consequences of proactive behaviour

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