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Flashcards in Week 3 Note Cards Deck (45)
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1
Q

missing parts?

A
2
Q

What is electro negativity?

A

the grabbing power of electrons

2
Q

What are the characteristics of a covalent bond?

A

lower melting and boiling points are liquid or gas at room temp not conductive of electricity non water soluble

3
Q

what is anion?

A

a negative charge

3
Q

What is a reactant?

A

the beginning substance in a reaction

4
Q

How are the orbitals in an ionic bond?

A

the orbital do not overlap

4
Q

What is catabolism?

A

the breaking down

5
Q

What are lysosomes

A

powerful hydrolytic enzymes enclosed in a single protective membrane that fuses with vacuoles containing engulfed bacteria or cell nutrients and digests them

6
Q

What are peroxisomes and what do they do?

A

membranous sacks containing enzymes found in the cell, they carry 2 enzymes: peroxidases and catalases the detoxifiers, and home of antioxidants

7
Q

What is fission?

A

reproducing by pinching in half

8
Q

what happens on the outside of the mitochondria?

A

Acetyl Co A

9
Q

What is hydrophobic?

A

afraid of water (ex: non polar tails of phosphate head)

11
Q

what is reduction?

A

when an element gains an electron

12
Q

What is a synthesis reaction?

A

taking 2 simple reactants and making a complex (anabolism)

13
Q

what is an oxidation reduction reaction?

A

when there is a gain and loss of electrons

14
Q

What does peroxidases do?

A

take free radicals and produce hydrogen peroxide

15
Q

what is ionization?

A

when particles get a charge

15
Q

What does the ER do?

A

provides more surface area, home of ribosomes (rough), Production of lipid and hormones (smooth), detoxifying properties

16
Q

What are the microfilaments like in muscle cells?

A

permanent, highly developed myofibrils, which shorten to cause muscle contractions

17
Q

Ribosomes are

A

the site of protein synthesis made of 2 parts called ribosomal RNA

19
Q

What is a hydrogen bond?

A

a specific type of weak ionic bond (electrostatic attraction, the weakest bond) bond between hydrogen atoms already covalently bonded in a molecule to oppositely charged particles

20
Q

what is a product?

A

the end substance of a reaction

21
Q

What 2 functions happen inside the mitochondria?

A

Kreb cycle and electron transfer

22
Q

In the cytoskeleton where are the microfilaments?

A

located near the cell surface on cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane

23
Q

Mitochondria produce how much of a cells ATP?

A

95%

24
Q

What are the characteristics of a hydrogen bond?

A

work to stabilize and hold the shape of large complex molecules like proteins and DNA heat will break the bond

25
Q

what is oxidization?

A

when an element gives up an electron

25
Q

What does catalases do?

A

they convert hydrogen peroxide into water

27
Q

What is an exchange reaction?

A

(dose’ do) when you exchange partners in a reaction (ex: NaHCO3 + HCl —> NaCl + H2O + CO2

28
Q

What is hydrophilic?

A

water loving (ex: phosphate head)

29
Q

what is cation?

A

a positive charge

31
Q

what are the characteristics of an ionic bond?

A

have to have a metal in them to be ionic water soluble high melting and boiling point only solid at room temp are reactive to electricity

33
Q

How are microfilaments arranged?

A

in bundles and mesh work

34
Q

How do mitochondria reproduce when they are in high demand?

A

By fission

35
Q

What are microfilaments composed of?

A

Contracting protein (actin) motor protein (myosin)

36
Q

What are the 3 chemical reactions?

A

synthesis, decomposition and exchange

37
Q

What is a chemical bond?

A

a reaction

38
Q

what is electrostatic attraction?

A

atoms drawn together by their electronic charges

39
Q

What is the universal solvent?

A

water

40
Q

what is anabolism?

A

the building up

41
Q

What is and what does the Golgi Apparatus do?

A

a continuous channel gets proteins where they need to go functions in polysaccharide synthesis and coupling of the polysaccharides to proteins to create glycoproteins

42
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

the complete transfer of and electron (makes ions) the strongest bond

43
Q

what is a decomposition reaction?

A

taking a complex and making it simple (ex: H2O—> H2 +O)(catabolism)

44
Q

What are actin and myosin used in?

A

the process of cell division and in microfilaments

45
Q

How are the orbitals in a covalent bond? How many covalent bonds? what are the types of covalent bonds?

A

the orbitals overlap 2 types, a medium bond polar: when they unequally share electron; one has a higher electro negativity than the other non polar: when they equally share electron