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Flashcards in Week 1 Deck (20)
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1
Q

What do we understand anesthesia to be

A
  • No memory**
  • Loss of consciousness
  • Loss of senses
  • Immobility
  • Abolition of reflexes
2
Q

Sympathectomy

A

Def

Website: the cutting of clamping off of the sympathetic nerve chain. Keeps signals from passing through it

3
Q

Modern history of Anesthesia

Name some individuals credited with discovery of inhaled anesthetics

A
Joseph Priestley- NO
Crawford Long- Ether
Horace Wells- NO
William Morton- Gaseous Ether 
James Simpson- Chloroform
4
Q

What assisted in their credit for discovering these anesthetics?

A

Documentation publishing, talking, etc

5
Q

Alice Magaw

A

Known as Mother of Anesthesia

  • @ St Mary’s Clinic= later Mayo Clinic
  • Specialty: Published her use of ether/chloroform with OPEN DROP TECHNIQUE
  • No Complications
  • Later Taught…MDs, etc
6
Q

Agatha Hodgins

A
  • Began 1st NA program and Founded AANA (NANA 1931- AANA 1939)
7
Q

General Triad of Anesthesia

A
  1. Analgesia
  2. Hypnosis
  3. Muscle Relaxation

TRIANGLE

8
Q

ED50 Dosing

A

Web: “median effective dose”= dose that produces quantal effect (all or nothing) in 50% of the population that takes it

-effective dose for 50% of people receiving drug

9
Q

ED95

A

Web: dose required for desired effect in 95% of population exposed to it

Ex. Non- depolarizing agents= median dose required to achieve 95% reduction in maximal twitch response from baseline, in 50% of the population

10
Q

Dyad of Regional Anesthesia

A
  1. Analgesia
  2. Muscle relaxation

TRIANGLE with both at bottom points

Ex. Spinal/ Epidural …conditions for no pain,movement (abolition somatic/ Autonomic reflexes etc.

11
Q

Local Anesthesia

A

-Anesthetic drug usu injected into tissue to numb specific location required for surgery

12
Q

Regional

A

Ex. Epidural, Spinal, and PNB (peripheral nerve block)

-provides numbness to much larger area

13
Q

MAC

A
  • Monitored anesthetic Care (MAC)
  • Use sedatives, other agents but dosage low enough that pt remains responsive
  • Breathes w/o assistance
  • Use: Simple procedures; minor surgery
14
Q

General Anesthesia

A
  • Deep state of sleep= Pt loses consciousness and Sensation

- Usu requires assisted ventilation

15
Q

Combination techniques

A

-MAC/sedation and Local/regional anesthesia, Regional. And general etc.

***MAC= Billing term

16
Q

Anesthesia vs Sedation

A
  • Minimal Sedation (Anxiolysis)
  • Moderate Sedation (Consious Sedation)
  • Deep Sedation (Analgesia)
  • General Anesthesia
17
Q

Minimal Sedation

A
  • Anxiolysis
  • Pt reponds to normal verbal commands
  • Cog function/Coordination may be impaired
  • Vent/ Cardio functions= unaffected!
18
Q

Moderate Sedation

A
  • Analgesia (Concious sedation)
  • Pts respond purposefully to verbal cmds either alone or by light tactile stim
  • No interventions needed to maintain patent airway
  • Spontaneous vent adequate
  • CV function usu maintained
19
Q

Deep Sedation

A
  • Analgesia
  • Not easily arroused
  • Responds purposefully following repeated/ painful stim
  • Independent ability to maintain vent function/ patent airway MAY BE IMPAIRED
  • CV function maintained
20
Q

General Anesthesia

A
  • Not arousable even by pain stim
  • Independent vent function impaired
  • Requires assistance maintaining Airway; PPV may be req
  • CV function may be IMPAIRED