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Mental Health > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some of the common myths?

A
  • People with mental illness are violent and dangerous
  • People with mental illness are poor and/or less intelligent
  • Mental illness is caused by a personal weakness
  • Mental illness is a single, rare disorder
    etc.
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2
Q

Is electric shock therapy inhumane?

A

no

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3
Q

How many Canadians are affected by mental illness or addiction?
CAMH stats

A

one in 5

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4
Q

What is the percentage of children and adolescence with mental health problems?

A

20%

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5
Q

What age group is more likely to experience mental illness and/substance abuse?
CAMH stats

A

ages 15-24

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6
Q

What MH challenge is most prevalent amongst men?

CAMH stats

A

addiction

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7
Q

What MH challenge is most prevalent amongst woman?

CAMH stats

A

mood and anxiety disorders

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8
Q

How many Canadians die by suicide a year?

CAMH stats

A

4000

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9
Q

What is the prevalence of aboriginal youth deaths by suicide?
CAMH stats

A

5-6 times more than non-aboriginal youth

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10
Q

What ethnic group has the highest rates of suicide in the world?
CAMH stats

A

inuit

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11
Q

In ontario what is the approximate annual cost from the government of alcohol-related things?
CAMH stats

A

5.3 billion/year

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12
Q

What does CAMH stand for?

A

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

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13
Q

What is WHO’s definition of Mental Health.

A

“a state of well-being in which each individual is able to realize his or her own potential, cope with the normal stresses of life, work productively and fruitfully, and make a contribution to the community” (WHO, 2010)

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14
Q

What is the Public Health Agency of Canada’s definition of Mental Health.

A

“the capacity of each and all of us to feel, think, and act in ways that enhance our ability to enjoy life and deal with the challenges we face. It is a positive sense of emotional and spiritual well-being that respects the importance of culture, equity, social justice, interconnections and personal dignity” (Public Health Agency of Canada, 2003, p.2)

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15
Q

Define Mental illness

A

Alterations in cognition, mood or behaviour that are coupled with significant distress and impaired functioning.

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16
Q

Define Mental Disorder.

A

A term used to mean all diagnosable mental disorders (DSM-5)

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17
Q

Define Mental Health Problems.

A

When signs and symptoms of mental illness occur but do not meet specified criteria for a disorder (DSM-5)

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18
Q

What does the DSM-5 stand for?

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders

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19
Q

What is the DSM-5?

A

A document that provides criteria for diagnosing mental disorders

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20
Q

What is the reason for the recent revision of the DSM-5?

A
  • so that HCP world wide would have a COMMON LANGUAGE and CRITERIA for diagnosis of mental disorders
  • EXPANDED CRITERIA to look at more pt symptoms
  • helps develop more CONSISTENT and reliable diagnoses that can be used in the research of mental disorders
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21
Q

What is used for diagnosing (dx) mental disorders?

A

DSM-5

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22
Q

What is the term coined to describe a defined diagnosis in MH?

A

mental disorders

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23
Q

What is Health Canada’s definition of mental disorders?

A

Alterations in cognition, mood, behaviour coupled with significant distress and impaired functioning

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24
Q

What does significant dysfunction in mental functioning r/t to?

A
  • Developmental
  • Biological
  • Physiological disturbances

Culturally defined

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25
Q

What does LIHN stand for?

A

local integrated health network

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26
Q

What is the significance of the Epp Report (1988)?

A 
Government doc on mental health with 
- 7 guiding principles
- 2 continua: 
MENTAL DISORDER CONTINUUM
maximal mental disorder  absence of mental disorders
MENTAL HEALTH CONTINUUM 
Optimal mental health
 minimal mental health

-

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27
Q

Define resilience.

A

“ In the context of exposure to significant adversity, resilience is both the capacity of individuals to navigate their way to the psychological, social, cultural, physical resources that sustain their well-being, their capacity individually and collectively to negotiate for these resources to be provided in culturally meaningful ways”

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28
Q

What contributes to mental illness and mental health?

A

resilience:

  • optimism
  • sense of mastery
  • competence
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29
Q

Having resiliency during periods of stressors, tragedies, loss, trauma allows people to…

A

recognize feelings , help them deal with them, and learn from experience

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30
Q

What are the 10 components of mental health recovery from SAMSHA, 2011?

A
  • Self-directed
  • Individual and person centred
  • Empowering
  • Holistic
  • Nonlinear
  • Strengths-based
  • Peer-supported
  • Respect
  • Responsibility
  • Hope
31
Q

What does SAMSHA stand for?

A

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

32
Q

How does culture relate to mental health?

A
  • different approaches to looking at mental health vs mental illness
  • what is culturally accepted
  • culture bound syndromes
33
Q

Define culture-bound syndromes.

A

syndromes occur in specific sociocultural contexts and easily recognized by people in those cultures

34
Q

What are the theories of why there are culture bound syndromes?

A

Conditions necessary for causing a particular disorder occur in some places & not others.
People can learn certain abnormal behaviours from others by imitation

35
Q

What is the germ theory of diseases in relation to mental illness?

A

in the lat 1800’s looked at mental illness as being caused by a specific agent, but didn’t stick because there is not one specific cause

36
Q

What is now the focus of the origin of mental illness?

A

psychological theories

(with the belief that faulty psychological processes that could be fixed by increasing personal insight and understanding)

37
Q

When was CMHA founded and what does it stand for?

A

jan 1918

Canadian Mental Health Association

38
Q

Who founded CMHA?

A

Clarence M Hincks and Cliffard W. Beers

39
Q

What is the purpose of CMHA?

A

to promote mental health

40
Q

What is the oldest most respected voluntary organization in Canada?

A

CMHA

41
Q

Where did the notion of equality, fair treatment and getting rid of labels in mental illness come from?

A

CMHA

42
Q

What were the main social influences on mental health?

A

Self-help movement.

  • CMHA 1918
  • Mental illness advocates
43
Q

What was the decade of the brain’s influence on MH?

A

1990 President George H.W. Bush lead to a growth in scientific research

44
Q

What kind of advances occur during the decade of the brain?

A
  • Mapping of genes in neurological illness and mutations linked to epilepsy, AD, Parkinson’s Disease
    • Discovery that the brain has a large assortment of neurotransmitter receptors but uses a small number of neurotransmitters
45
Q

What are the 3 challenges in MH identified during the decade of the brain?

A

1) Reducing inequities
2) Increasing prevention
3) Enhancing coping

46
Q

What is the human genome project?

A
  • A 13 year project (1990-2003) that has strengthened biological and genetic explanations of psychiatric conditions.
    Goals of the project:
  • Identify approximately 20,000 to 25,000 genes in human DNA.
  • Determine sequences of three billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA.
47
Q

November 2009, The Mental Health Commission of Canada released a report called…

A

“Toward Recovery & Well-being: A Framework for a Mental Health Strategy for Canada”

48
Q

What does the 2009 MHCC framework entail?

A

7 interconnected goals:

1) Promotion and prevention,
2) Recovery and Rights,
3) Access to services,
4) Disparities and Diversity,
5) First Nations, Inuit, and Metis, and
6) Leadership and Collaboration

49
Q

Define epidemiology.

A

the branch of medicine that deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health

50
Q

Is epidemiology quantitative or qualitative?

A

quantitative

51
Q

What does epidemiology consider when dealing with mental illness?

A
  • distribution
  • incidence in pop
  • prevalence/total #cases, etc
  • considers co-morbid conditions
  • follows after clinical care
  • includes: studies of natural hx of illness, studies dx screening tests, observation and experimental studies
52
Q

What influenced the DSM-5?

A

MULTIDISCIPLINARY
psychiatrists, psychologists, licensed clinical social workers, licensed counsellors, licensed marriage and family therapists, advanced-practice psychiatric mental health nurses

53
Q

What does the ICD-10-CA stand for?

A

International classification of disease 10
- developed by the Canadian Institute for Health Information
(WHO, 2011)

54
Q

What is the ICD-10-CA

A

Document that goes beyond defining and classifying diseases now DESCRIBES CONDITIONS and SITUATIONS not diseases such as RISK FACTORS to health and psychosocial circumstances; represents social determinants of health; 23 different categories of diseases.

55
Q

What does psychiatric mental health nursing integrate?

A 
biological
psychological
sociocultural
environmental
legal and ethical realities
56
Q

Who are the patients in psychiatric mental health facilities?

A

People throughout the lifespan, healthy people in crisis, experiencing life challenges, and those with long-term mental illness.
People with concurrent disorders-an individual with a mental disorder and a coexisting substance disorder
Homeless people and families.
People in jail.

57
Q

Name the 12 determinants of health.

A 
Income and social status
Social support networks
Education
Employment/working conditions
Social environments
Physical environments
Personal health practices and coping skills
Healthy Child Development
Biology and genetic endowment
Health Services
Gender
Culture
58
Q

Why won’t spending more on treatment or illness and disease not improve out heath?

A

Income, social status and education directly impact the health of Canadians.

59
Q

What are some specific ways to promote mental health?

A
  • Early childhood intervention
  • Child-youth develop programs
  • Socio-economic empowerment of women-improving access to education
  • Social support for elderly
  • Mental Health work stress prevention programs
60
Q

Why is self awareness so important for the nurse?

A
  • can help people better

enables us to identify our strengths and areas that need developing

61
Q

What is self awareness

A
  • a conscious process in which we consider our understanding of ourselves
  • on going process that requires self-evaluation through reflective practice
62
Q

Define risk factors (RF)?

A

RF are factors that CANNOT be CHANGED

ex. Biologic, cultural, environmental, occupational, gender

63
Q

What is the role of the mental health nurse?

A

Helping people identify, monitor and reduce risk factors

64
Q

What does CFMHN stand for?

A

Canadian Federation of Mental Health Nursing

65
Q

What is the CFMHN’s first standard?

A

Provides COMPETENT Professional Care through the Development of a THERAPEUTIC REL’N

66
Q

What is the CFMHN’s SECOND standard?

A

PREFORM/REFINE client ASSESSMENTs through the diagnostic and monitoring function

67
Q

What is the CFMHN’s THIRD standard?

A

administer and monitor therapeutic INTERVENTIONS

68
Q

What is the CFMHN’s 4TH standard?

A

Effectively handles rapidly changing situations

69
Q

What is the CFMHN’s 5TH standard?

A

Intervenes through TEACHING-COACHING function

70
Q

What is the CFMHN’s 6TH standard?

A

MONITOR and ENSURE the QUALITY of CARE

71
Q

What is the CFMHN’s 7th standard?

A

Practice within organizational and work-role structure

72
Q

What are some future challenges?

A
  • aging pop
  • increasing cultural diversity
  • expanding tech
  • pt advocacy
  • community and social inclusion for MH intervention
  • political/legislation involvement
73
Q

Stopped at Hx

A

Stopped at Hx

Mental Health (5 decks)

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