W&C: Eden Basin Flashcards Preview

AS/A-Level Geography > W&C: Eden Basin > Flashcards

Flashcards in W&C: Eden Basin Deck (15)
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1
Q

Where is the Eden drainage basin?

A

North-west England between the mountains of the Lake District and the Pennines.

2
Q

Where is the River Eden’s source?

A

In the Pennine hills in the south Cumbria.

3
Q

Where does the River Eden flow through?

A

Appleby-in-Westmorland and Carlisle.

4
Q

Where is the mouth of the River Eden?

A

Solway Firth at the Scottish border.

5
Q

Describe the basin of the River Eden:

A
  • Largely rural, although does run through Carlisle.
  • Upland areas experience extreme weather causing flooding downstream.
6
Q

Why is Carlilse particularly vulnerable to flooding?

A

It is at the confluence of the Eden, Petteril and Caldew rivers.

It is also low-lying.

7
Q

Give 3 characteristics of the Eden Basin:

A
  1. Higher than average rainfall due to mountainous terrain encourage orographic rain.
  2. Long & relatively narrow, increasing lag time.
  3. Steep slopes within basin - reduces lag time & increasing peak discharge.
8
Q

What different types of rock make up the Eden Basin?

A
  • Highest ground = igneous rocks that are impermeable.
  • Majority of basin = limestone & sandstone that are permeable.
9
Q

What land use changes have affected the Eden Basin’ water cycle?

A

Farming

Construction

Deforestation

10
Q

How has farming affected the Eden Basin?

A
  • 2000-2009 there was a 30% increase in cattle in the Eden Valley = compacts the soil and reduces infiltration.
  • Grazing of sheep also reduces vegetation + interception.
  • Results in increased flood risk.
11
Q

How has construction increased the risk of flooding in the Eden Basin?

A
  • Urbanisation reduces infiltration rates, eg Eden Gate development
  • Increased size and speed of surface runoff flows
  • Housing developments, eg. Carlisle, built on floodplains = increased flood risk and flooding downstream
12
Q

How has deforestation affected the Eden Basin?

A
  • Original forest cover mostly removed
  • Increases flood risk
13
Q

How might climate change affect the Eden Basin?

A

Predicted western UK could get up to 35% more winter rainfall by 2080 = massive flood risk

14
Q

Name a storm that affected the Eden Basin:

A

Storm Desmond, December 2015

15
Q

What were the affects of Storm Desmond?

A
  • Appleby-in-Westmorland + Carlisle experienced bad flooding
  • Record rainfall across Cumbria - Shap (village) had 262.6mm rain in 48 hours.