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Advanced Embalming > Vocabulary for Exam 6 > Flashcards

Vocabulary for Exam 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Is found in products as either the tetrasodium or disodium salt. They react chemically to “bind” calcium, which inhibits the blood clotting mechanism. It is a skin irritant, causing dryness and cracking.

A

Ethylenediamine Tetracetic Acid (EDTA)

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2
Q

Disease that may be transmitted between individuals, with reference to the organism that causes a disease.

A

Contagious Disease

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3
Q

An evaluation of exposures that are time-weighted over an established period. It allows the exposure levels to be averaged generally over an 8-hour time period.

A

Time-Weighed Average (TWA)

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4
Q

Uneven heartbeat.

A

Arrythmia

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5
Q

Having a higher lethal dose (as compared to highly toxic).

A

Toxic

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6
Q

Apparatus used for sterilization by steam presure, usually at 250oF/121oC for a specific time.

A

Autoclave

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7
Q

A carcinogen potentially produced when formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite come into contact with each other. Normally occurs only in a controlled laboratory setting and requires a catalyst.

A

Bischloromethyl Ether (BCME)

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8
Q

OSHA required emergency safety device providing a steady stream of water for flushing the eye.

A

Eye Wash Station

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9
Q

To disperse as an aerosol; minute particles of blood and water become atomized and suspended in air when water under pressure meets the blood drainage or when flushing an uncovered flush sink.

A

Aerosolization

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10
Q

A specific eye, mouth, or other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the performance of an employee’s duties.

A

Exposure Incident

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11
Q

Requires employers to provide employees with information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work place at the time of their initial assignment, and whenever a new hazard is introduced into their work area.

A

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration Act of 1986 (Right to Know Act)

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12
Q

Weakness in the extremities due to damage or degeneration of the peripheral nerves.

A

Peripheral Neuropathy

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13
Q

A cancer-causing chemical or material.

A

Carcinogen

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14
Q

A severe infectious bloodborne virus.

A

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

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15
Q

A central nervous system depressant which can cause symptoms including headache, lightheadedness, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue. In high concentrations, stupor and unconsciousness can occur.

A

Narcotic

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16
Q

An unstable salt usually produced in an aqueous solution and used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent.

A

Sodium Hypochlorite

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17
Q

Legal limits established by OSHA to which workers can be exposed continuously for a short period of time without damage or injury. Exposures at this limit should not be more than 15 minutes and not repeated more than 4 times per work day.

A

Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)

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18
Q

An agent which can cause non-inheritable mutations in offspring.

A

Teratogen

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19
Q

Difficult or painful breathing.

A

Dyspnea

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20
Q

Chemicals which will affect adversely certain organs.

A

Target Organ Effects

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21
Q

Controls that reduce the likelihood of exposure by altering the manner in which a task is performed; prohibiting recapping of needles, and not allowing blood splatter or aerosolization of blood while draining during the embalming process.

A

Work Practice Controls

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22
Q

Any comtaminated object that can penetrate the skin include, but not limited to:

  • Needles
  • Scalpels
  • Broken glass
  • Exposed ends of wires
A

Contaminated Sharps

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23
Q

Having a relatively low lethal dose.

A

Highly Toxic

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24
Q

In contaminated air, the parts of vapor or gas (formaldehyde) per million parts of air by volume; in solution the parts of chemical per million parts of solution.

A

Parts Per Million (ppm)

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25
Q

These levels are established to ensure adequate protection of employees at exposures below the OSHA limits, but to minimize the compliance burdens for employers whose employees have exposures below the 8 hour permissible exposure limit (PEL). The level for formaldehyde is 0.5ppm. Exposure limit usually one half of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) legal limit for a regulated substance.

A

Action Level (AL-Exposure Limits)

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26
Q

The presence of the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item or surface.

A

Contaminated

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27
Q

Human blood, human blood components, and products made from human blood.

A

Blood

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28
Q

OSHA required receptacle for proper disposal of sharps.

A

Sharps Container

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29
Q

Bleeding from the nose, a nosebleed.

A

Epistaxis

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30
Q

Causing visible destruction of living tissue at point of contact.

A

Corrosive

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31
Q

An agent or material exposing one to risk.

A

Hazardous Material

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32
Q

Procedures that isolate or remove the bloodborne pathogen hazard from the workplace such as sharps disposal container, self-sheathing needles.

A

Engineering Controls

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33
Q

Molecules of a compound in which the atoms have a slightly different configuration.

A

Isomers

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34
Q

Extreme sensitivity to light.

A

Photophobia

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35
Q

A major agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia, concerned with all phases of control of communicable, vectorborne, and occupational diseases.

A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP, CDC)

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36
Q

OSHA regulation limiting the amount of occupation exposure to formaldehyde gas. Went into effect May of 1988.

A

Formaldehyde Rule

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37
Q

A governmental agency with environmental protection regulatory and enforcement authority.

A

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

38
Q

A material which can trigger an allergic reaction.

A

Allergen

39
Q

OSHA required safety device for a release of a copious amount of water in a short time.

A

Drench Shower

40
Q

Laundry which has been soiled with blood or other potentially infectious materials or may contain sharps.

A

Contaminated Laundry

41
Q

A type of retrovirus that causes acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

A

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

42
Q

Lung disease characterized by fibrosis (scarring) caused by inhalation of dusts. I.e.:

  • Silica
  • Asbestos
A

Pneumoconiosis

43
Q

Any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of a body part, organ, or system.

A

Disease

44
Q

The application of chemical reagents in the treatment of disease in humans, causing an elevated preservation demand.

A

Chemotherapy

45
Q

Non-corrosive, but causing a reversible inflammatory effect at the point of contact.

A

Irritant

46
Q

A 5 percent sodium hypochlorite solution; twelve ounces of household bleach with 116 ounces of water yields one gallon of a 10% household bleach solution (5,000 ppm solution hypochlorite).

A

Household Bleach

47
Q

Disinfection of the surface of the body or an object.

A

Topical Disinfection

48
Q

Effect occurring at sites remote from the route of entry.

A

Systemic

49
Q

A severe, often fatal bacterial disease characterized by pneumonia, dry cough and sometimes gastrointestinal symptoms.

A

Legionnaires Disease

50
Q

Hypodermic needles, surture needles, injector needles, scalpel blades, razor blades, pins and other items sharp enough to cause percutaneous injury, penetration of unbroken skin; may include other items normally not disposed of following use such as scissors, teeth, finger nails, and ribs.

A

Sharps

51
Q

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus (possibly as many as seven in number) capable of causing acute or chronic hepatitis illness. The transmission can be oral-fecal, parenteral, or sexual.

A

Viral Hepatitis

52
Q

An inflammatory skin disease marked by small vesicles in clusters, usually restriced to diseases caused by Herpes virus.

A

Herpes

53
Q

Inflammation of the liver; may be caused by a variety of agents, including viral infections, bacterial invasion, and physical or chemical agents. It is usually accompanied by fever, jaundice, and an enlarged liver.

A

Hepatitis

54
Q

An agent, usually chemical, applied to either inanimate objects/surfaces or to living tissues to destory disease-causing microbial agents, but usually not bacterial spores.

A

Germicide

55
Q

The maximum legal limits established by OSHA for regulated substances. These are based on employee exposure that are time-weighted over an 8 hour work shift. When these limits are exceeded, employers must take proper steps to reduce employee exposure. The limit for formaldehyde is .75ppm.

A

Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

56
Q

A buzzing or ringing in the ears.

A

Tinnitus

57
Q

Apparatus that prevents the back-siphoning of contaminated liquids into potable water supply lines or plumbing cross-connections within the preparation room.

A

Vacuum Breaker

58
Q

Oven or appliance for sterilizing; an autoclave that disinfects by steam under pressure at temperatures above 100oC.

A

Sterilizers

59
Q

A material which can cause inheritable genetic changes in offspring.

A

Mutagen

60
Q

Disease that may be transmitted either directly or indriectly between individuals by an infectious agent.

A

Communicable Disease

61
Q

A disease of the skin characterized by itching, redness and scaling.

A

Eczema

62
Q

Disease caused by the growth of a pahtogenic microorganism in the body.

A

Infectious Disease

63
Q

An approach to infection control. According this concept, all human blood and certain human body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious for HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens.

A

Universal Precautions

64
Q

Biological agent or condition that constitutes a hazard to humans.

A

Biohazard (Infectious Waste)

65
Q

A disease or disorder of the skin.

A

Dermatosis

66
Q

An abnormally excessive amount of albumin in the urine.

A

Albuminuria

67
Q

Causing an allergic reaction after repeated exposure.

A

Sensitizer

68
Q

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
A

Bloodborne Pathogens

69
Q

Wound characterized by irregular tearing of tissue.

A

Laceration

70
Q

Unconsciousness produced by a drug, usually narcotics, and certain toxic chemicals.

A

Narcosis

71
Q

A Governmental agency with the responsibility for regulation and enforcement of safety and health matters for most United States Employees; an individual state OSHA agency may supersede the U.S. Department of Labor OSHA regulations.

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

72
Q

Metabolic by-products that contain nitrogen, such as urea and uric acid. These compounds have a high affinity for formaldehyde and tend to neutralize embalming chemicals.

A

Nitrogenous Waste

73
Q

A swelling of tissue due to the collection of fluids.

A

Edema (Dropsy)

74
Q

Dizziness characterized by a sensation of whirling movement.

A

Vertigo

75
Q

Freedom from infection and from any form of life.

A

Asepsis (Sterility)

76
Q

OSHA regulation that deals with identifying and limiting exposure to occupational hazards. (Related to the OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration Act of 1986).

A

Hazard Communication Standard (Rule)

77
Q

Any change in structure produced during the course of a disease or injury.

A

Lesion

78
Q

An involuntary, rapid movement of the eyeball, usually from side to side.

A

Nystagmus

79
Q

Drugs or medicines.

A

Pharmaceutical Agents

80
Q

Capable of inducing growth of a tumor.

A

Tumorigenic

81
Q

This must accompany a hazardous product; a requirement of the Department of Labor and OSHA under the Hazard Communication Standard.

A

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

82
Q

Irritation of the conjunctival lining of the eye, leading to swelling and redness.

A

Conjunctivitis

83
Q

General inflammation of the skin.

A

Dermatitis

84
Q

A material which can cause suffocation.

A

Asphyxiant

85
Q

Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of a worker’s duties.

A

Occupational Exposure

86
Q

OSHA Regulation (29CFR 1910-1030) regulating the employee’s exposure the blood and other body fluids. OSHA Definitions: Blood, human blood, human blood components, and products made from human blood.

A

Bloodborne Pathogen Rule

87
Q

A material capable of causing an abnormal growth of tissue.

A

Neoplastic Agent

88
Q

Piercing mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites, cuts and abrasions.

A

Parenteral

89
Q

Those items of protection worn to minimuze exposure to hazards; those items worn by the embalmer to avoid contact with blood and other body fluids. Specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard.

A

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

90
Q

A disease of the central nervous system with unknown etiology, assumed to be a slow virus; because of unknown etiology, care givers using invasive procedure use extreme caution.

A

Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease

91
Q

Process that renders a substance free of all microorganisms.

A

Sterilization

Advanced Embalming (35 decks)

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