Veterinary Ethology and Behavioral Research Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Veterinary Ethology and Behavioral Research Deck (25)
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1
Q

Define: Ethology

A

scientific study of what an animal does and how and why they do it
ethos- custom/character/manner/behavior
logos- description

2
Q

Define: latency

A

time to start of a behavior

3
Q

Define: frequency

A

number of times a particular behavior is done

4
Q

Define: duration

A

amount of time a particular behavior lasts

5
Q

Ethology (Nobel laureates year/names)

A

Konrad Lorenz, Karl von Frisch, Nicholas Tinbergen

1973- discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behavior patterns

6
Q

4 questions

A
(Tinbergen's)- logically distinct/not mutually exclusive
How does it work
How did it develop
What is it for
How did the behavior evolve
7
Q

Canine signaling

A

“soft” language of canines toward humans, method of communication between canines; system of signals developed which facilitate the maintenance of this organization with minimal overt aggression

8
Q

Benefits of animal research

A

public perception/attitude has changed
1992- creation of Assoc. for the Study of Animal; Behavior in the UK; Animal Behavior Society in US
Formed the ethical committee and the animal care committee respectively; have joint guidelines for the use of animals in research

9
Q

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

A

published in 1996; 8th edition published in 2011; compare research quality with animal suffering and determine acceptable research proposals

10
Q

Steps to studying behavior

A

Ask a question
Make preliminary observations and formulate hypotheses
Make predictions from the hypotheses
Identify which behavioral variables need to be measured in order to test these predictions
Choose suitable recording methods for measuring these behavioral variables
Collect sufficient data
Use appropriate statistics

11
Q

Empirical results

A

first-hand description, relying on or derived from observation or experiment

12
Q

Technology results

A

use of recording devices

13
Q

Event

A

behavior pattern of relatively short duration, salient feature is frequency of occurrence (# times cat grooms itself in an hour)

14
Q

State

A

behavior pattern of relatively long duration, such as prolonged activities, body postures, or proximity measures; salient feature is duration (total time a cat spends grooming over a one hour period)

15
Q

Ad libitum

A

observe an animal and make general notes about what it is doing, or what it is doing of interest

16
Q

Focal

A

observe one animal (sometimes 2) for a fixed amount of time and record all the behaviors that you are looking for

17
Q

Point or Instantaneous

A

at predetermined moments inn time, record all the behaviors the animal is doing

18
Q

All occurrences

A

record all occurrences of one or a small number of behaviors and ignore all others (used with large groups of animals)

19
Q

Intra-observer reliability

A

one observer consistent in how they measure and count or does it change

20
Q

Inter-observer reliability

A

do 2 or more observers measure in an identical or similar fashion

21
Q

Complete ethogram

A

list of all behaviors exhibited by a species

22
Q

Practical ethogram

A

list of behaviors of interest

23
Q

Displacement activity

A

inappropriate behavior which occurs when an animal is experiencing conflict between 2 opposing drives

24
Q

Vacuum activity

A

instinctive behavior performed in the absence of the stimulus to which it would normally be directed

25
Q

Redirected behavior

A

motivation to perform an activity toward an appropriate target, interrupted or prevented from reaching that target, behavior gets directed toward a less appropriate target