vertebral column part 3 ex. 1 QQ

Question 1

what is the name given to the anterior part of the vertebral arch?

Answer 1

pedicle

Question 2

all lamina are oriented in what direction?

Answer 2

posterior and median

Question 3

what is the name given to the overlap of laminae seen on x-ray?

Answer 3

shingling

Question 4

what ligament will attach to the lamina?

Answer 4

ligamentum flavum

Question 5

what is the name given to abnormal bone at the attachment site of the ligamentum flavum?

Answer 5

para-articular process

Question 6

what classification of bone will para-articular processes represent?

Answer 6

accessory bone

Question 7

what is the name given to the lamina- pedicle junction at each region of the spine?

Answer 7

cervical- articular pillar

thoracic and lumbar- pars interarticularis

Question 8

what is the name given to the junction of the vertebral arch- spinous process on lateral x-ray?

Answer 8

spinolaminar junction

Question 9

what is the name given to the tubular bone growth regions of the vertebral arch?

Answer 9

apophyseal regions

Question 10

what are the names given to each apophysis of the spine?

Answer 10

transverse apophysis or transverse process
articular apophysis or articular process
spinous apophysis or spinous process

Question 11

what is the generic orientation of the transverse process or transverse apophysis at each region of the spine?

Answer 11

cervical- anterolateral
thoracic- posterolateral
lumbar- lateral

Question 12

all non-rib bearing vertebra of the spine retain what equivalent feature?

Answer 12

the costal element

Question 13

what will cause the transverse process/ apophysis to alter in its initial direction in the cervical region?

Answer 13

cervical spinal nerves are pulled forward and downward to form the cervical and brachial nerve plexuses thus remodeling the transverse process to accommodate their new position

Question 14

what will cause the transverse process/apophysis to alter its initial direction in the thoracic region?

Answer 14

the growth of the lungs remodel the shape of the ribs which in turn push the transverse processes backward

Question 15

what is the name given to the joint formed between articular facets of a vertebral couple?

Answer 15

zygapophysis

Question 16

what is the name given to the bone surface at the front of a zygapophysis?

Answer 16

superior articular facet

Question 17

what is the name given to the bone surface at the back of a zygapophysis?

Answer 17

inferior articular facet

Question 18

in the vertebral couple, the part of the vertebra which lies anterior to the zygapophysis is called the?

Answer 18

pre-zygapophysis

Question 19

in the vertebral couple, the part of the vertebra which lies posterior to the zygapophysis is called the?

Answer 19

post-zygapophysis

Question 20

what is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the pre-zygapophysis?

Answer 20

superior articular process or apophysis

Question 21

what is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the post-zygapophysis?

Answer 21

inferior articular process or apophysis

Question 22

what will form the posterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

Answer 22

inferior articular process/post- zygapophysis
superior articular process/ pre-zygapophysis
capsular ligament
ligamentum flavum

Question 23

what will form the anterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

Answer 23

vertebral body of the segment above
vertebral body of segment below
intervertebral disc
PLL

Question 24

what is the method of calculating the angle of the spinous process/ apophysis?

Answer 24

calculate the angle formed between the undersurface of the spinous process/ apophysis and the horizontal plane

Question 25

what is the name given to the normal overlap of spinous processes or spinous apophyses as seen on x-ray?

Answer 25

imbrication

Question 26

what is the name given to the round elevation at the tip of the spinous process?

Answer 26

spinous tubercle

Question 27

what is the orientation of the spinous process at each region of the spine?

Answer 27

cervical- slight angle inferior
thoracic- noticeable angle inferior
lumbar- no angle