Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Surg > Vascular 10 Q > Flashcards

Vascular 10 Q Flashcards

1
Q

Permanent, localized out pouching or dilation of the vessel wall –> peaking of the arterial wall due to high pressure in the arterial system

A

Aortic Aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What test determines length, diameter, and presence of a thrombus for aortic aneurysms?

A

CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

With AAA, there is dull vague pain in the abdomen, back, and flank. If it is acute and severe what does this indicate?

A

Ruptured AAA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Your patient states “I can feel my heart beat in my stomach” and you palpate a pulsatile mass. What is this finding consistent with?

A

AAA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a lethal complication of an emergency aortic aneurysm repair?

A

Intrabdominal hypertension that leads to multi system organ failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the biggest and most modifiable risk factor for aortic aneurysm?

A

Smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

An aortic aneurysm can mimic an _ or _

A

MI or kidney failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Is anterior or posterior rupture of an aortic aneurysm worse?

A

Anterior is worse (often death before hospital)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4 signs for an aortic aneurysm rupture?

A

Turner’s sign, back/flank pain, mass, hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Asymptomatic aortic aneurysm needs surgical repair if it is _ cm in women and _ cm in men

A

5 cm in women; 5.5 cm in men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of shock do you need to worry about in a patient with a ruptured AAA

A

hypovolemic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Seen with aortic aneurysms, what syndrome can occur due to microemboli from an aortic thrombus?

A

Blue toe syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are aortic aneurysms more likely in African American men or caucasian men?

A

Caucasian men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aneurysm that is uniform in shape

A

Fusiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of aneurysm presents with deep diffuse chest pain that may extend to the intrascapular area?

A

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aneurysm that is pouch like

A

Saccular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

At least one layer is still intact and bound by arterial wall or wall of heart

A

True aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

After surgical repair of an aneurysm, the HOB should be no more than

A

45 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Result of a false lumen through which blood flows

A

Aortic Dissection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The initial goal for treating aortic dissection is to decrease _ and _

A

HR, BP

21
Q

If an aneurysm shows growth of _ to _ cm on CT there needs to be intervention

A

0.5-1 cm

22
Q

What is the target SBP for aneurysms?

A

100

23
Q

Fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac that puts pressure on the heart

A

Cardiac tamponade

24
Q

The distal port of the swan Ganz measures __. Normal PA is 15-30/4-12

A

pulmonary artery pressure and PCWP

25
Q

SVR (systemic vascular resistance) is the left heart after load. What is the normal?

A

SVR 800-1200

26
Q

On the swan Ganz, you must “wedge” to get PAWP. Do not wedge for longer than 10-15 seconds as it can cause capillary rupture. What is the normal PAWP?

A

PAWP 6-12

27
Q

The proximal swan ganz cath port measures _ _ pressure. What is the normal?

A

CVP 3-8

CVP is also the RAP (right atrial pressure–pressure in superior vena cava)

28
Q

Cardiac index is more specific than CO because it takes BSA into account. What is the normal CI?

A

2.5-4.5 liters

29
Q

Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is the right heart after load. It is normally 1/6th of the SVR. What is the PVR normal?

A

50-250

30
Q

What are the 3 determinants of stroke volume?

A

Preload, after load, contractility

31
Q

normal cardiac output? Formula to calculate?

A

4-8 L; heart rate x stroke volume

32
Q

Indications for an a-line include acute HTN, acute hypotension, and frequent ABG’s. What should an a-line never be used for?

A

Medication administration

33
Q

_ should be performed before A-line insertion. Always make sure the stop cocks are secure.

A

Allen test

34
Q

What are the 5 Ps to remember for monitoring post A-line insertion?

A

Pain, paralysis, paresthesia, pallor, pulse

35
Q

Central line that measures pressures inside the heart. Flow is directed with a balloon. Typically has 5 lumens. The distal lumen resides in the pulmonary artery to help monitor PA pressure and o2 saturation.

A

Swan Ganz Catheter

36
Q

2 possible complications of a swan ganz catheter

A

air embolus, pulmonary infarction

37
Q

Swan Ganz catheter: 1. PA distal lumen is (color) _ 2. Proximal infusion hub is (color) _ 3. Balloon inflation valve is (color) 4. Injectate lumen hub is (color)

A
  1. yellow
  2. clear/white
  3. red
  4. Blue
38
Q

The proximal lumen hub (clear/white) on the swan ganz is for?

A

Connection of all cardiac infusion drugs

39
Q

Increased cardiac output indicates a hyperdynamic state such as _ or _

A

fever or early sepsis

40
Q

PA numbers will be elevated with _ & _ and decreased with _

A

elevated: heart failure, cardiac tamponade
Decreased: hypovolemia

41
Q

Reflects the average CO for the past 3-6 minutes. Measures q30-60 seconds.

A

Continuous cardiac output

42
Q

Inject saline into proximal lumen of PA catheter. Thermistor detects differences in blood temp and calculates CO. Uses the average of 3 measurements

A

Intermittent cardiac output measurement

43
Q

Decreased SVR Indicates:
A. vasoconstriction
B. Vasodilation

A

Vasodilation

44
Q

Determines adequacy of tissue oxygenation. Reflects balance of arterial blood, tissue perfusion, and oxygen consumption

A

venous oxygen saturation

(SVO2, ScVO2) Svo2 is from PA cath and ScVO2 is from CVP

45
Q

Normal venous oxygen saturation is (SvO2, ScVO2)

A

60-80%

46
Q

Each thin black line on the swan ganz represents _ cm

A

10

47
Q

Each thick black line on the swan ganz represents _ cm

A

50

48
Q

During hemodynamic monitoring, where should you zero the transducer after insertion and after patient moves?

A

Phlebostatic axis

49
Q

CPP is needed to ensure blood flow to the brain. What is the normal and how do you calculate it?

A

60-100; CPP=MAP-ICP

Med Surg (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions