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Flashcards in VaccinaTiONS Deck (67)
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1
Q

Afluria

Fluarix

FluLaval

Fluvirin

Fluzone

A

Influenza virus

  • Recommended for ages > 6mo ANNUALLY
2
Q

Fluzone

A

Thimerosal-FREE

6 MO and OLDER

3
Q

Flucelvax

A

Influenza

Flucelvax (> 18 yrs)

Flucelvax Quadrivalent (> 4 yrs)
———————————————

Cell-Culture-based

Starter strain originally grown in EGG. Minuscule amounts of ovalbumin; the package insert DOES NOT mention EGG allergy as a contraindication or precaution

4
Q

Flubok

A

(18-49 YRS)

  • Produced with INSECT VIRUS AND RECOMBINANT DNA
  • DOESNT USE EGG IN ITS PRODUCT
5
Q

FluMIST

A

Quadrivalent, LiVE attenuated

  • NASAL SPRAY
  • Formulation changes ANNUALLY

(2-49 yrs OLD)

  • *PRESERVATIVE FREE**
  • *Thimerosal FREE**
6
Q

Fluzone HD

A

SENIORS > 65 y/o

  • HIGH DOSE

4x’s as much ANTiGEN as STANDARD adult vaccine to help BOOST iMMUNITY.

  • 60mcg of EAch virus strain (INSTEAD of 15mcg w/ STANDARD)
7
Q

Fluzone INTRADERMAL

A

(18-64 y/o)

  • AVOIDS POSSIBLE MUSCLE SORENESS
  • PRESERVATIVE FREE
8
Q

Afluria

A

NEEDLE-FREE formulation

  • (18-64 Y/O)
  • JET INJECTOR
9
Q

Fluad

A

Adjuvanted TRIVALENT vaccine

> 65 Y/O

ADJUVANT- enhances bodys IMMUNE RESPONSE

10
Q

PneumoVAX

  • PPSV23
A

Dose: > 2 Y/O

0.5 mL IM/SUBQ

Indication: children > 2 yo

Who should receive:?

> 65yo (5 years after last dose)

Smokers/Asthma/ COPD

chronic diseases (CHF; DM; liver/ alcoholism)

Cochlear implants

CSF LEAKS

IMMUNOCOMP: HIV/ asplenia/ sickle cell

11
Q

Who should receive PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE??

A

> 65 Y/O

  • Smokers > 18 Y/O
  • Asthma/ COPD
  • CHRONIC DISEASE
    (CHF, DM, LIVER, Alcoholism)
  • Cochlear IMPLANT
  • CSF LEAK
  • Immunocompromised
  • asplenia**
  • sickle cell (Revaccinated)

** Asplenic/ immuno-comp patients < 65 Y/O should be revaccinated once 5 yrs after the initial dose, and AGAIN after 65 y/O (5 yrs apart) (TOTAL OF 3 DOSES)**

12
Q

PREVNAR 13

A

Pneumococcal 13- VALENT

  • Prevention of PNA, Meningitis, OTITIS MEDIA
  • conjugated to DIPTHERIA

Indication: > 6 wks; high-risk pts; > 65 yo

SHAKE VIGOROUSLY PRIOR TO ADMIN

Peds dose: 2 mo, 4MO, 6MO, 1 yeAr(4 TOTAL DOSE)

IM ONLY**

13
Q

Pneumococcal DUAL VACCINATION

A
  • Asplenia, SC, CSF Leak, Cochlear IMPLANT, or IMMUNO-COMP (HIV, ESRD, CANCER)

—> If Naive: Give PCV-13 followed by PPSV23 > 8 wks LATER

—> If vaccinated 1st w/ PPSV23 in < 19 Y/O pt, give PCV-13, 8 WEEKS later

—> if vaccinated 1st w/ PPSV23 in > 19 g/O pt, then give single DOSE of PCV13 > 1 yr LATER

14
Q

Engerix-B; RecombiVAX HB (L/C)

A

Hep B

  • IM (NOT LIVE)

** Refrigerate**

May interchange products

CONTRAINDICATED IN YEAST ALLERGY!!

Dose: THREE DOSES!!

**4 wks between 1-2 doses

8 wks between 2-3

6 wks between 1-3**

15
Q

Who should get HEP-B VACCINATION?

A
  • Health care WORKERS
  • IV drug users, inmates, HIV PTS, CHRONIC LIVER Dx
  • UNVACCINATED KIDS
  • HEMODIALYSIS
  • sexually ACTIVE (>1 partner in 6mo; M2M, STD TREATMENT)
  • DIABETES (< 60 yo; 19-59)
  • ALL NEONATES BEFORE LEAVING HOSPITAL

CONTRAINDICATED IN YEAST ALLERGY

16
Q

Infants born w/ HEPB and people exposed should receive what?

A

HBIG (Hepatitis B immune globulin)

Hep B vaccine

17
Q

HAVRIX; Vaqta

A

HEP-A vaccine

Trans: FECAL/ ORAL

DOSE: TWO DOSES

ATLEAST 6 months BETWEEN DOSES

Admin: IM

18
Q

Who should help HAVRIX VACCINE?

A

> 12-23 MONTHS Y/O

TRAVELING OUTSIDE US

  • Chronic Liver disease
  • IVDA
  • HIV pts
  • M2M
  • clotting factor disorders
19
Q

Tetanus; Diphtheria; Pertussis

A

Tetanus - Clostridium tetani
(RUSTY NAIL; LOCK JAW; MS)

  • Tetanus IMMUNOGLOBIN (TIG)
    ————————————————-

Diphtheria - Corneybacterium Diphtheriae

 - Throat and nasal passage ————————————————-

Pertussis - Bordetella Pertussis

  - Whooping cough (High Pitch)
20
Q

DTaP

A

Tetanus/ Diphtheri/ Pertussis

  • ALL infants, NOT CHD > 7 Y/o

Dose: 0.5mL IM: 2,4,6,18 months PLUS

                         4-6 yrs (5 doses) 

**BOOSTER Tdap should be given at 11-12 yrs who have completed a childhood DTaP

  • CAPITAL LETTERS MEAN THAT THE VACCINE CONTAINS A LARGER DOSE OF ANTIGENS
21
Q

Td

A

Tetanus toxoid

  • For pts previously NOT immunized
  • BOOSTER DOSE EVERY 10 yrs

(ACIP PREFERS Tdap)

22
Q

DAPTACEL

A

DTaP
(Diphtheria/ Tetanus/ acellular Pertussis)

KIDS: 6 WEEKS —-> 6 YEARS

  • PRIOR TO 7th BIRTHDAY
23
Q

ADACEL/ Boostrix

A

Tdap (0.5mL IM) - Deltoid

Indication: ACTIVE BOOSTER

ADULTS —-> 11-64 y/o

> 65 y/o who have CLOSE CONTACT W/ children should receive a ONE-TIME dose to PROTECT INFANTS

  • Pregnant women in 3rd TRIMESTER
  • Active BOOSTER is needed because immunity CHILDHOOD vaccine WEARS OFF IN 5-10 yrs
24
Q

DTaP is contraindicated in which patients??

A
  • Encephalopathy w/ PRIOR DTaP
    ————————————————
  • Use w/ CAUTION in kids w/ progressive or unstable NEUROLOGIC PROBLEMS*
25
Q

MMR

Measles, Mumps, Rubella

A
  • LIVE VACCINE
  • FREEZE OR REFRIGERATE
  • SUBQ
  • Dose: 2 SERIES. 1 yr old + 5 yrs old
    —————————————————-

Measles: Koplik’s spots (rash around mouth), cough, Fever

Mumps: Salivary gland enlargement (PAINFUL)

Rubella: German measles.
Cause abortion/still birth/ birth defects

26
Q

Who should receive MMR?

A
  • Health care workers, College students, International travelers
  • All women of child bearing age, but NOT DURING PREGNANCY!!
27
Q

MMR CONTRAINDICATIONS

A
  • Pregnancy
  • ImmunoCOMP (CD4 < 200)
  • neomycin allergy, gelatin
  • SEVERE THROMBOCYTOPENIA (Measles)
28
Q

Proquad

A

MMR + Varicella

  • STORE IN FREEZER(MUST)
  • Do not FREEZE diluent

Dose: 2 SERIES (1 yr + 5 yrs old)

29
Q

Varivax

A

Varicella

  • LIVE VACCINES*

Dose: 2 SERIES (1 yr + 5 yrs)

Admin: SUBQ

Storage: FREEZER

30
Q

Varizig

A

Varicella Zoster Immune Globulin

  • Decrease severity of chk pox when given FOUR DAYS AFTER EXPOSURE
31
Q

IPV(IPOL)

A

POLIO - Breathing muscle PARALYSIS

OPV LIVE not available in USA
————————————————-

  • Use in infants/ chd < 5 yrs old
    • NOT RECOMMENDED FOT ADULTS UNLESS TRAVELING TO ENDEMIC AREAS*

Dose: 0.5mL IM/SUBQ @ 2,4,6-18 m and 4th Dose at 4-6 yrs old (FOUR TOTAL DOSES)
————————————————

Contains trace of: streptomycin, neomycin, polymyxin B

Kinrix/ Quadracel: DTaP- Polio combo

  • IM children 4-6 yrs old: 0.5mL SINGLE DOSE
32
Q

Kinrix/ Quadracel

A

DTaP- Polio combo

Dose: 0.5mL as SINGLE DOSE

33
Q

ActiHIB; Hiberix; PedvaxHIB

A

H. influenza type B (Hib)

Admin: (2 mo- 5 y/o)
- ALL CHD < 5 y/o

Dose: 0.5mL @ 2,4,6, 12-18 mo (4 DOSES)

ADULTS W/

Asplenia, Sickle Cell, stem cell transplant, planned splenectomy

  • MENINGITIS
  • Pneumonia
  • Epiglottitis
34
Q

Menactra; MenVEO (MCV—4)

A

Conjugated MENINGOCOCCAL

  • QUADRIVALENT

Menactra——> 9mo-55yo**

MenVEO—> 2mo-55yo**
———————————————

Dose: 0.5mL IM/SQ (MCV-4 given IM)

First DOSE 11-12YO + BOOSTER @ 16YO

35
Q

MenoMune

A

Polysaccharide Meningococcal

  • SUBCUTANEOUSLY, even THOUGH IT IS NOT LIVE**

> 2YO

36
Q

Trumenba; Bexsero

A

MENINGITIS B

  • HIGH RISK PTS (asplenia; sickle cell)
  • NOT A REPLACEMENT FOR MENACTRA OR MENVEO
37
Q

Pneumococcal Risk

Average risk: >65 yo with no conditions

A

PCV13 followed by PPSV23 ONE yr LATER

38
Q

Pneumococcal Risk

Elevated Risk: chronic HEART DISEASE, chronic LUNG DISEASE (COPD, emphysema, asthma), cigarette smoking, DIABETES, alcoholism, CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE, Cirrhosis, Cigarette smoking

A

PPSV23

39
Q

Pneumococcal risk:

High Risk: Cerebrospinal fluid leak
Cochlear Implant

A

PCV13, eight weeks PPSV23

40
Q

Pneumococcal RISK

Very high risk:

IMMUNOCOMPROMISED

(HIV, RENAL FAILURE, Functional ASPLENIA (sickle-cell)

CANCER PATIENTS

A

PCV 13 followed by PPSV23 8 WEEKS later followed by PPSV23 5 years LATER

41
Q

Heplisav B

A

Hepatitis B VACCINE

> 18 YEARS OLD

TWO DOSES OF 0.5mL IM ONE MONTH APART

42
Q

Who gets meninococcal VACCINE

A
  1. All adults aged 11-18 yrs
  2. ^ Risk children

First dose 11-12 y/o + booster at 16 y/o

High risk: asplenia, sickle cell, HIV, taking eculizumab (solaris), traveling to endemic area.

REPEAT IN 5 years for at risk patients

  • College freshman living in dorms
  • U.S Military
  • Travelers to endemic areas; Hajj pilgrimage to MECCA;
  • Patients with damaged spleen or splenectomy
  • HIV infection
  • evulizumab use (Solaris)
  • Laboratory personnel who are EXPOSED
  • Exposure to meningitis during an outbreak

REPEAT IN 5 YEARS IF REMAINING AT RISK

43
Q

Human papillomavirus 9-valent vaccine

GARDASIL 9

A

Cervical cancer is a common female cancer world-wide

Gardasil 9: 9-valent HPV vaccine covers

  • 6,11,16,18, 31,33,45,52,58

INDICATED FOR FEMALES AND MALES for the prevention of cervical cancer/ anal cancer/ genital warts**

  • FEMALES/ MALES AGE 9-45 y/o
  • Starting at 11-12 y/o
  • IM

Cervical and anal cancers caused by: all except 6/11

Genital warts are caused bu: 6; 11

44
Q

Zostavax

A

LIVE- SUBQ

ZOSTAVAX FDA APPROVED > 50 y/o

CDC Recommends it for patients > 60

Contraindications

1) Gelatin or neomycin allergy
2) Immunocomp (inc. STEROIDS)

FREEZER LIKE VARICELLA

45
Q

Shingrix

A

NOT LIVE

  • 2 DOSES (2nd dose in 2-6 MO)
  • REFRIGERATE

Indicated for > 50yo to PREVENT SHINGLES

administer immediately upon reconstitution or STORE refrigerated and use within 6 HOURS

46
Q

Which vaccines are oral?

A
  • Vivotif Berna

- Rotavirus

47
Q

Which vaccines are IM or SC?

A
  • Polio

- Pneumovax

48
Q

Which vaccines are given SC ONLY?

A
  • Varicella
  • MMR/MMRV
  • Zostavax
  • Yellow fever
49
Q

Rotavirus vaccine for infants

A

Rotarix (LIVE): 2 DOSES
-started at 6 WEEKS; second dose 1 MONTH later

RotaTeq (LIVE; ORAL): 3 DOSES; given at 2,4,6 MONTHS

50
Q

Ixiaro

A

Japanese encephalitis vaccine

-2 DOSES IM 28 days apart > 2 months old

JE-VC is NOT recommended for short-term travelers whose visit will be restricted to urban areas

51
Q

Typhim Vi

A

Typhoid Vaccine

  • KILLED (inactivated)
  • IM x 1 (0.5mL 2 wks prior)
52
Q

VivoTIF Berna

A

Typhoid Vaccine

  • ORAL 4 DOSES EOD
  • For patients > 6 y/o
  • 1 wk prior to exposure
  • *REFRIGERATE CAPSULES**
  • *AVOID ALCOHOL**
53
Q

Yellow Fever

A

-South America & Africa
- LIVE
- 0.5mL SC for > 9 MO
——————————–
Cautions/Contraindications: Egg allergy & Pregnant women, immunosuppressed, or THYMUS disease

54
Q

Rabvert; Imovax Rabies

A

-For caver’s, bat handlers, and veterinarians

IM: 3 doses, 1 mL on days 0,7,21,28.

55
Q

Post exposure PPX for rabies?

A
  • Give Rabies Immune Globulin (HRIG) * kedRAB*

- Vaccinate w/ 5 doses over 28 days

56
Q

TwinRix

A

Hep A + Hep B

> 18 y/o

57
Q

Proquad

A

MMR + Varicella

FREEZER ONLY

58
Q

Kinrix / Quadracel

A

DTaP + IPV

-IM 4-6 y/o

59
Q

PediaRix

A

DTaP + Hepatitis B + IPV

60
Q

Pentacel

A

DTaP + IPV + Hib (H.influ)

61
Q

Contraindicated in pregnancy?

A
  • MMR
  • Varicella
  • Zostavax
  • Vivotif BERNA
  • Meningococcal (ONLY one thats NOT live)
62
Q

Thimerosal (preservative)

A

Influenza (Fluzone is thimerosal FREE)

63
Q

Contraindicated in AIDS (not HIV)

A
Varicella** (HIV) can give
MMR** (HIV) can give
Zoster
Flumist
Yellow Fever ** (HIV) Cn gv
VivoTIF Berna
64
Q

Use with caution in Neomycin allergy

A

MMR
Varicella
Zostavax
Polio

65
Q

Vaccines prepared in Egg?

A

Yellow Fever

66
Q

Post-splenectomy/ Asplenia/ Sickle cell disease

A

Capsular polysaccharide bacteria are cleared by the spleen

  • Streptococcus PNA
  • H. flu (Hib)
  • Neisseria meningitidis
67
Q

What immunizations for TRAVELORS?

A

YELLOW BOOK

  • Hep A
  • Hep B
  • Meningococcal
  • Typhoid
  • Yellow fever
  • Japanese encephalitis (Ixiaro)