USDA Animal Care Policy Manual Flashcards Preview

LAM Regulatory Jan 2017 > USDA Animal Care Policy Manual > Flashcards

Flashcards in USDA Animal Care Policy Manual Deck (73)
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1
Q

Can an investigator use expired medical materials during a survival procedure on a USDA-covered species?

A

No.

2
Q

Can expired suture or other medical materials NOT including drugs be used for acute terminal procedures?

A

Yes, if (1) animal is anesthetized, (2) animal is euthanized without recovery, (3) it doesn’t adversely affect animal well-being or compromise validity of study, and (4) the facility has a policy on use/storage/disposal.

3
Q

Can expired drugs (analgesics/anethetics/euthanasia solution) be used for terminal procedures?

A

No.

4
Q

What substances are expected to be pharmaceutical-grade when available, even when used for acute studies?

A

Compounds, medications, drugs, vehicles, and diluents. Some test articles or novel compounds may not be available as pharma-grade products.

5
Q

When can non-pharmaceutical grade products be used in regulated animals?

A

Only after specific review and approval by IACUC which includes eval of scientific justification and availablility of a pharmaceutical-grade product. Cost alone is NOT a justification, but can be used in combination with shortages/unavailability.

6
Q

Can an exhibitor or dealer use a non-pharmaceutical grade substance in a USDA-regulated animal?

A

Yes, under approval of AV within perview of accepted veterinary practices.

7
Q

Can someone eat, drink, prepare food, or smoke in surgery areas?

A

Nope!

8
Q

What is required for survival surgery?

A

(1) aseptic technique, (2) dedicated surgical facility for nonrodents

9
Q

Could a meeting room or auditorium be used for survival surgery?

A

No.

10
Q

What constitutes a designated surgical facility?

A

It is set up to be cleaned and maintained in aseptic condition and not used for other purposes when not in use. Must be maintained in good repair.

11
Q

What is required for nonsurvival surgery?

A

Clean area free of clutter, using acceptable veterinary sanitation practices like those used in a standard treatment/exam room. Reasonable cleanliness practices should be used.

12
Q

Who is responsible for ensuring adequate pre-and post-procedural care for surgical procedures?

A

the Attending Veterinarian

13
Q

With regard to surgical procedures, what should be included in the animal activity proposal?

A

Specific details for pre- and post-procedural care, drugs to relieve pain/distress, scientific justification if such drugs are withheld

14
Q

What authority does the AV have with regards to post-operative care of animals undergoing surgical procedures?

A

(1) AV can alter post-op care if unexpected pain/distress occurs, (2) request a significant change to the protocol (which must be approved by the IACUC before use).

15
Q

How should off-site locations such as farms used for post-operative surgical care be identified in animal care proposal?

A

They should be identified as either (a) a site of the research facility or (b) the site of another registered facility.

16
Q

When can animals be taken to off-site locations after surgical procedures?

A

When fully recovered from anesthesia, unless it is justified in an animal activity proposal

17
Q

What must the Program of Veterinary Care consist of when a full-time AV isn’t available?

A

APHIS Form 7002 correctly filled out or equivalent format

18
Q

How often should the attending veterinarian visit a facility?

A

Annually or often enough to provide adequate oversight of the facility’s animal care and use. Don’t forget to record the date of the visit and any recommendations!

19
Q

An investigator would like to blunt the teeth of an NHP. Is this acceptable?

A

No. It can cause ongoing pathology and pain, and doesn’t prevent biting or predatory behavior.

20
Q

A technician asks if you can declaw a large cat utilized in your animal care program. Is this acceptable?

A

No, unless prescribed by the AV for treatment of individual medical problems of the paw.

21
Q

How long should necropsy records be retained for in regulated species?

A

At least 1 year.

22
Q

What circumstances warrant a necropsy of a regulated species?

A

(1) High death loss at facility
(2) Significant number of unexplained deaths at facility
(3) Strong chance that undiagnosed disease (+/- zoonosis) is present at facility
(4) Circumstances suggest a violation of AWA may have contributed to situation.
(5) On request of APHIS inspector

23
Q

What constitutes necropsy?

A

Appropriate postmortem eam performed under or by direct supervision of a veterinarian experienced with that species. May include systemic gross pathology exam, appropriate microbiological culture and histopathology, and other indicated testing. All records should be recorded in animal’s medical record.

24
Q

When auctioning wild/exotic animals, who must meet the regulatory requirements of the AWA?

A

operator of the auction and consignor

25
Q

What class of USDA license should people selling exotics or wild animals hold if needed?

A

Class B license

26
Q

For what species are USDA licenses always required when selling exotic/wild animals?

A
Coatis
kinkajous
Wild/exotic canids
Megaherbivores
Primates
Wallabies and kangaroos
Wild/exotic cats not used for fur, food, or hunting
Bears
Pocket pets
27
Q

For what species are USDA licenses never required when selling exotic/wild animals?

A

Birds
Horses, donkeys, mules
Reptiles
Farm-type animals for ag purposes

28
Q

What standards are used to determine compliance with animal enclosures at auctions?

A

AWR transportation standards. Animals at auctions are considered in transport while at auction.

29
Q

Who should handle animals at auction if no auction employees are properly trained and experienced?

A

Only the consignor if that person is qualified. If an animal isn’t consigned and an incident happens due to inexperienced handlers ,the auction is cited.

30
Q

Who is responsible for care of animals at an auction?

A

The consignor and operator of the auction. All regulatory requirements for animal care must be met. This responsibility doesn’t extend to the parking lot or transport vehicle after the auction.

31
Q

When can animals in traveling shows be provided the space noted in transport sections of the AWR?

A

ONLY during actual transport.

32
Q

What species of NHP are considered brachiating?

A
Spider monkeys (Ateles spp)
Woolly spider monkeys (Brachyteles spp)
Woolly monkeys (Lagothrix spp)
Gibbons and siamangs (Hylobates spp)
Chimpanzees, bonobos, young gorillas and orangutans
33
Q

What constitutes a brachiating primate species?

A

NHPs whose form of locomotion involves using the arms, legs, and/or tail while its body is suspended.

34
Q

When is a dealer’s license required for people selling hoofstock?

A

(1) Sells animals ONLY for regulated purposes like biomedical research, exhibitions, or as pets
(2) Sells majority of domesticated farm livestock for regulated purposes AND more than 10 animals are sold for regulated purposes in a 12-mo period
(3) Sells more than 10 wild hoofstock for regulated purposes in a 12-mo period or one or more exotic animals

35
Q

For flying species, how much space should be provided?

A

Sufficient unobstructed enclosure volume to enable movement by flying and sufficient roosting space to allow all individuals to rest simultaneously.

36
Q

How should antibody production facilities be registered?

A

They should be licensed as research facilities

37
Q

How should a facility that produces only normal blood or sera for regulated purposes be registered?

A

They should be registered as a dealer unless exempted for another reason

38
Q

If a research facility sells antibodies, antisera, or other body parts for research or teaching to another institution, what other registration is required?

A

A dealer’s license is required in addition to the research facility license. This doesn’t apply to the legitimate collaboration between researchers and exchange of these materials.

39
Q

If a facility is making genetically engineered animals for research, tests or experiments, what USDA license is required?

A

A research facility license.

40
Q

If a facility is producing cloned animals for regulated purposes, what USDA license is required?

A

A dealer’s license, since this is considered breeding.

41
Q

If a feeding study is used to improve the care of exhibited animals, is a research facility license required?

A

No, as this is non-invasive.

42
Q

If a behavioral study is used to improve the care of exhibited animals, is a research facility license required?

A

No, as this doesn’t cause pain or distress to the animal.

43
Q

If an AI or embryo transfer is used to improve the care of exhibited animals, is a research facility license required?

A

No, since this is an adjunct to normal husbandry or veterinary procedures for the benefit of the animal or species.

44
Q

Define painful procedure.

A

Any procedure that would reasonably be expected to cause more than slight or momentary pain or distress in a human being to which that procedure is applied, that is, pain in excess of that caused by injections or other minor procedures.

45
Q

Who is responsible for ensuring investigators have avoided or minimized discomfort and distress?

A

IACUC

46
Q

Who is responsible for ensuring investigators have considered alternatives to painful procedures?

A

IACUC

47
Q

Who is responsible for ensuring investigators have involved the AV in the planning of procedures?

A

IACUC

48
Q

Is administration of Freund’s complete adjuvant considered a painful procedure?

A

yes. It can cause a severe inflammatory reaction depending on species and route of administration.

49
Q

Is ocular or dermal toxicity testing considered a painful procedure?

A

Yes, the dosing procedure isn’t usually painful, but reactions can cause pain.

50
Q

Is food or water deprivation/restriction considered a distressful procedure?

A

Yes, if it’s beyond that necessary for normal presurgical preparation.

51
Q

What are some procedures given as examples of distressful procedures?

A

Food or water deprivation/restriction
Noxious electrical shock or thermal stress that isn’t immediately escapable
Paralysis or immobility in a conscious animal
Forced exercise
Infectious and inflammatory disease models

52
Q

What are some procedures that may cause pain AND distress?

A

Extensive irradiation
Inhalation toxicity
Tumor growth

53
Q

Can a microchip be used as an official type of animal ID?

A

Yes, it meets the definition of a ‘tattoo’ if:

(1) The microchip is in a standard anatomical location
(2) A chip reader is available to APHIS officials
(3) Animal records must have chip number, animal location, and name of the chip manufacturer
(4) If the animal is sold, delivered, transferred, or otherwise in custody of someone without a chip reader, they have to have a tag or tattoo.

54
Q

What does a tattoo MDBZZ-11 mean on a dog?

A

The tattoo code provided by the USDA Animal Care Regional Office designating state (MD), license type (Class B), and specific ID code (ZZ) of the dealer. The 11 is a unique ID used for the animal.

55
Q

When do puppies not need individual identification?

A

(1) they are in distinct litters at the facility where they were whelped
(2) Enclosure is id’ed by information required by AWR (a tag, plastic collar, or tattoo)

56
Q

How many major survival operations can one animal have?

A

1 unless multiple procedures are required to meet objective of a single animal study activity, scientific justification is given, and IACUC approves

57
Q

Can an animal have major surgery performed, be moved to a new protocol, and have a second major surgery performed?

A

No. The intent of the AWA is that these animals must be identified in such a way that they are effectively precluded from use in additional studies involving major operative procedures.

58
Q

You have justification for an animal to have more than one major operative procedure. Who should make the exemption request, and where does it go to?

A

The IO should make the request to teh Animal Care Regional Director.

59
Q

An animal has a clinical c-section as part of veterinary care. Can it still undergo major survival surgery on a research protocol?

A

Yes. Veterinary procedures unrelated to research are exempt from this requirement.

60
Q

What must be included in a formal request to have an animal undergo more than one major survival surgery?

A
  1. outline of research proposal for which procedure is requested
  2. means by which to ID the proposal
  3. species and approximate number of animals to be exempted.
  4. method of permanently id’ing animals involved
  5. time frame for proposed exempt procedure
  6. Number of major operative procedures per given animal, frequency of procedures, and period of time between them.
  7. Measures to ensure pain/distress are minimized.
  8. Complete scientific justification that doesn’t include cost.
  9. Assurance that all other requirements of AWA will be met
  10. Assurance that IACUC at facility has approved exemption.
61
Q

How often must exemptions that allow multiple major survival surgeries be reviewed?

A

Annually by the IACUC, reviewed by the IO and included in the Annual Report

62
Q

Can someone serve simultaneously as IO, IACUC chair, AV, or the nonaffiliated member?

A

Technically yes, but APHIS discourages it strongly.

63
Q

Who is ultimately responsible for upholding regulatory requirements for facilities?

A

the institutional official

64
Q

How many IACUC members should there be at a minimum?

A

3- Chairman and 2 additional members

65
Q

Can an IACUC member review their own protocol?

A

No

66
Q

Biomedical research or ag research: using a calf to develop an artificial heart for humans

A

Biomedical research

67
Q

Biomedical or ag research: testing a multispecies vaccine in a sheep

A

Biomedical research

68
Q

Biomedical or ag research: teaching laparoscopic surgical technique to medical residents using a pig.

A

Biomedical research

69
Q

Biomedical or ag research: a vaccine used in sheep to treat a sheep disease

A

ag research

70
Q

Biomedical or ag research: Teaching pig handling techniques to animal science students

A

Ag research

71
Q

How long is a health certificate for a dog, cat, or NHP acceptable?

A

They must be issued within 10 days of shipment.

72
Q

You are transporting an NHP to another facility within the same state in a company vehicle. Is a health certificate required?

A

No, because it is in state and within the licensee/registrant’s private vehicle

73
Q

When is a license required for selling parts of dead animals?

A

(1) the animal is acquired live and euthanized to sell for a covered purpose
(2) a person who acquires a dead dog or cat from private/unlicensed sources to sell for covered purposes