Urinary

Question 1

what is stress incontinence

Answer 1

laughing, sneezing, bending, lifting causes leakage

Question 2

tx for stress incontinence

Answer 2

Kegel exercises, decongestants (pseudoephedrine)

Question 3

what is urge incontinence?

Answer 3

sudden and strong urge to void immediately

Question 4

what type of incontinence is overactive bladder?

Answer 4

urge incontinence

Question 5

treatment for urge incontinence

Answer 5

anticholinergics (oxybutynin) or TCA’s

Question 6

what is overflow incontinence?

Answer 6

frequent dribbling of small amounts of urine from an overly full bladder due to blockage of flow (BPH, spinal cord injury)

Question 7

prerenal azotemia

Answer 7

hypoperfused kidneys
leads to acute tubular necrosis
causes- dehydration, blood loss, heart failure

Question 8

foamy, pink or cola-colored urine, HTN, and edema are signs of what?

Answer 8

glomerulonephritis

Question 9

what is the most common causative organism for UTI's during reproductive age?
A) Klebsiella
B) proteus mirabilis
C) e. coli
D)staphylococcus

Answer 9

C) e.coli

Question 10

antibiotic for pyelonephritis

Answer 10

ciprofloxacin

Question 11

1st line antibiotic for uncomplicated UTI

Answer 11

macrobid or bactrim

Question 12

What populations should avoid macrobid for UTI treatment

Answer 12

elderly and 3rd trimester

Question 13

What antibiotics treat UTI for complicated UTI and the elderly

Answer 13

Cipro and Bactrim

Question 14

(+) UA if >______ organisms

Answer 14

100,000 or 10^5

Question 15

treatment for pregnant women or children with UTI

Answer 15

pregnant #1 Macrobid except 3rd trimester then Keflex.

Peds: Keflex

Question 16

when to use Bactrim for UTI prophylaxis

Answer 16

2 UTIs in 6 months or 3+ UTIs in a year

Question 17

Is stress incontinence caused by detrusor overactivity or pelvic floor weakness?

Answer 17

pelvic floor weakness

detrusor overactivity is urge incontinence

Question 18

UA with white casts= ______

red casts=______

Answer 18

white casts= pyelo

red casts= glomerulonephritis

Question 19

imaging for kidney stone diagnosis?

Answer 19

renal ultrasound

Question 20

which of the following is found early in the development of chronic renal failure?
A) elevated creatinine
B) hyperkalemia
C) proteinuria

Answer 20

C) proteinuria

Question 21

true or false, an alpha blocker can be prescribed to help excrete a kidney stone?

Answer 21

true- flomax

Question 22

what is balanitis?

Answer 22

yeast infection of the penis’ glans

risk factors include not being circumcised and DM

Question 23

does testicular torsion get relief with scrotal elevation?

Answer 23

no

Question 24

does epididymitis have a positive Prehn’s sign?

Answer 24

yes, relief with scrotal elevation

Question 25

does epididymitis have a normal cremasteric reflex?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

A 17 y.o. boy reports his left testicle feels like "a bag of worms." Is this....
A ) orchitis
B) epididymitis
C) testicular torsion
D) varicocele

Answer 26

D) varicocele- abnormal dilation of the veins