Urinalysis Flashcards

1
Q

What is an MSU and why use it?

A

Mid stream urine sample

Reduces chance of contamination from hands or urethral opening

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2
Q

What would red urine indicate?

A

Blood (haematuria)
Rifampicin/doxorubicin can turn it red
Desferrioxamine may turn it reddish brown

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3
Q

Why would urine be sweet smelling?

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis

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4
Q

Why would urine be foul smelling?

A

Infection

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5
Q

What causes haematuria

A
Calculi (kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra)
Trauma
Malignancy
Polycystic kidney disease
Interstitial nephritis
Glomerulonephritis
Infection
Anticoagulants
BPH
Vaginal bleeding?
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6
Q

How long do you dip the urine for?

A

2-3 secs

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7
Q

How long do you wait until reading the dipstick?

A

1 minute, allow to dry horizontally

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8
Q

What would the presence of ketones show?

A

DKA or starvation

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9
Q

Nitrites and leukocytes?

A

Infection

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10
Q

Protein in urine?

A

Renal disease
Pre eclampsia
Hypertension
Nephrotic syndrome

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11
Q

What is nephrotic syndrome?

A

Proteinuria, low albumin in blood, oedema, raised cholesterol

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12
Q

Glucose in urine?

A

Diabetes

Pregnancy

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13
Q

Acidic urine

A

Calculi made of uric acid and cysteine

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14
Q

Alkali urine

A

Infection with urea splitting organism

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15
Q

How would you collect urine in a baby?

A

Clean catch urine
Nappy removed and surrounding area cleaned
Collected in sterile pot

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