Unit V - Intro Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Unit V - Intro Deck (44)
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1
Q

How many thoracic nerve pairs are there?

A

12

2
Q

How many pairs of lumbar nerves are there?

A

5

3
Q

How many sacral nerve pairs are there?

A

5

4
Q

How many coccygeal nerve pairs are there?

A

1

5
Q

The 31 pairs of spinal nerves are attached to what structure?

A

The spinal cord

6
Q

Which spinal nerve root carries efferent axons from cell bodies located in the anterior (ventral) or lateral horns?

A

Anterior (ventral or motor) roots

7
Q

Which spinal nerve root carries axons from cell bodies located in the posterior (dorsal) root ganglion (spinal ganglion)?

A

Posterior (dorsal or sensory) root

8
Q

Where, specifically, do the separated rootlets of the spinal nerves’ posterior roots attach to the spinal cord?

A

At the posterolateral sulcus

9
Q

Where are spinal ganglia typically located?

A

Either inside or just medial to the intervertebral foramen, beyond the dura mater

10
Q

Where are the C1 and C2 spinal ganglia located?

A

On their respective vertebral arches

11
Q

What is the location of sacral ganglia?

A

Within the vertebral canal

12
Q

What is the location of coccygeal ganglia?

A

Inside the dura mater

13
Q

The meningeal branch (recurrent meningeal/sinuvertebral branch) is given off at what spinal levels?

A

All of them

14
Q

What is unique about the posterior ramus of C1?

A

It is one branch and does not split

15
Q

What is the motor supply for C1 suboccipital nerve?

A

Rectus capitis posterior major and minor, obliquus capitis superior and inferior, semispinalis capitis

16
Q

Semispinalis capitis is a part of what muscle group of the back?

A

Erector spinae

17
Q

What is the name for the posterior ramus of C1?

A

Suboccipital nerve

18
Q

What is the name of the posterior ramus of C2?

A

Greater occipital nerve

19
Q

What is the supply of the medial branch of the greater occipital nerve?

A

Sensory innervation to the posterior neck and scalp

20
Q

What is the supply of the lateral branch of the greater occipital nerve?

A

Motor supply to semispinalis capitis, longissimus capitis, and splenius capitis muscles

21
Q

What is the name for the posterior ramus of C3?

A

Third (least) occipital nerve

22
Q

What is the supply of the medial branch of the least occipital nerve?

A

Sensory supply from skin of posterior neck

23
Q

What is the supply of the lateral branch of the third (least) occipital nerve?

A

Motor supply to semispinalis capitis, longissimus capitis, and splenius capitis muscles (same as C2)

24
Q

What is the supply of the medial branches of the posterior rami of C4-C8?

A

Sensory supply from the skin of the posterior neck

25
Q

What is the supply of the lateral branches of the posterior rami of C4-C8?

A

Iliocostalis cervicis, longissimus cervicis and capitis

26
Q

When is the meningeal branch given off of spinal nerves?

A

Shortly after combining into a mixed spinal nerve

27
Q

The meningeal branch of spinal nerves reenter the vertebral canal through what opening?

A

Intervertebral foramen

28
Q

After passing through the intervertebral foramen, the meningeal branch of the spinal nerves divide into what branches?

A

Ascending, descending, and transverse branches

29
Q

What do the meningeal branches of the spinal nerves supply?

A

Dura, blood vessels, periosteum, ligaments, and intervertebral discs in the anterior and lateral portions of the canal (somatosensory and sympathetic supply)

30
Q

What types of fibers are carried in the meningeal branches of the spinal nerves?

A

Sympathetic and somatosensory fibers

31
Q

Mixed spinal nerves divide into what two rami?

A

Anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) primary rami

32
Q

What is the only mixed nerve level that does not split into medial and lateral branches?

A

C1

33
Q

Which is usually larger: anterior or posterior primary rami of mixed spinal nerves?

A

Anterior rami

34
Q

At which mixed nerves is the anterior ramus actually smaller than the posterior (deviation from the norm)?

A

C1, S4, and S5

35
Q

The posterior primary rami of mixed spinal nerves have what motor supply?

A

Deep back muscles

36
Q

The posterior primary rami have what sensory supply?

A

To the skin on either side of the spine

37
Q

What muscles are supplied by the anterior primary rami of mixed spinal nerves?

A

Anterior and lateral trunk muscles, skeletal muscles in the extremities

38
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the anterior primary rami of the mixed spinal nerves?

A

Skin of extremities as well as anterior and lateral trunk

39
Q

How many pairs of cervical nerves are there?

A

8

40
Q

Which rami of the mixed spinal nerves contribute to the great plexuses of the body (cervical, brachial, sacral…)?

A

Anterior primary rami

41
Q

What is the location of the sympathetic chain communications?

A

Either at or just medial to the bifurcation of the mixed spinal nerve

42
Q

What are the two ways in which preganglionic sympathetic fibers from the white ramus communicans enter the sympathetic chain?

A

Synapse in the trunk either at the same level or above/below

Pass through trunk and are carried in splanchnic nerves

43
Q

What “family” of muscles is supplied by the posterior rami of C2 and C3?

A

Capitis (semispinalis, longissimus, and splenius capitis)

44
Q

What muscle is supplied by the posterior rami of C2-C8?

A

Longissimus capitis