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Flashcards in Unit 4 Deck (18)
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1
Q

What type of statement can be inferred directly from another statement?

A

Immediate Inference

2
Q

What is the converse of a statement?

A

A statement that reverses** the **subject** and **predicate.

It is only valid** for **E** and **I statements.

3
Q

What is an obverse statement?

A

A statement of the opposite quality with a negated predicate.

It is valid for all statements.

4
Q

What is a complement?

A

The set of all terms not included in the given term.

The complement** of the term **P is non-P.

5
Q

What is a contrapositive?

A

A statement** that **reverses and negates both the subject and predicate of the original.

It is valid for A and O statements.

6
Q

Singular statements are best translated as ____________.

A

universals

7
Q

Indefinite statements may be translated as _________ or ____________.

A

universals or particulars

8
Q

Hypothetical statements should be translated as _____________.

A

universals

9
Q

What are inclusive words that refer to a broad range of things or times?

A

Whoever

Whatever

Wherever

Whenever

However

Always

Never

10
Q

The words following the ______________ usually make up the subject.

A

inclusive

11
Q

Inclusive words usually make up the subject and may appear in the middle of the sentence. How should these inclusive words be changed when moved to the beginning of the sentence:

always

whatever

where

that

A

All times…are times

All things…are things

All places…are places

All things…are things

12
Q

_____________ words

refer only to a limited class of things

A

exclusive

13
Q

The words following an ______________ word often make up the predicate

A

exclusive

14
Q

Exclusive words are:

A

only

unless

except

never

nobody

15
Q

What is an enthymeme?

A

An argument in which

a statement is unstated and assumed.

A syllogism** with **one assumed statement.

16
Q

What is the form of a hypothetical statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.

A

If P then Q

17
Q

What is a pure hypothetical syllogism?

A

An argument that uses only hypothetical statements.

18
Q

The categorical statement after the if is called the _______________?

A

antecedent