Unit 1C - River Landscapes in the UK - River valley, courses, erosion, transportation and depostion Flashcards Preview

Geography - Unit 1C - Physical Landscapes in the UK > Unit 1C - River Landscapes in the UK - River valley, courses, erosion, transportation and depostion > Flashcards

Flashcards in Unit 1C - River Landscapes in the UK - River valley, courses, erosion, transportation and depostion Deck (18)
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1
Q

What is a drainage basin?

A

An area of land where rain collects and runs into a main river

2
Q

Where does a river start and end?

A

Starts at source and ends at mouth

3
Q

What do the following mean: tributary, confluence and watershed?

A

Tributary - a small stream/river that flows into main channel
Confluence - point where two rivers meet
Watershed - boundary between two drainage basins

4
Q

What is a rivers’ cross-profile?

A

Cross-sectional shape of channel or valley - including width/depth

5
Q

What is a rivers’ long profile?

A

Shows how river changes from source to mouth. Concave in shape and its gradient decreases as move from upland to lowland

6
Q

Cross-profile of channel and valley in upper course is…?

A

Narrow, shallow, steep and v-shaped

7
Q

Cross-profile of channel and valley in lower course is…?

A

Wide, deep and flat with a flood plain

8
Q

River flows fastest in which course?

A

Lower course

9
Q

Erosion and deposition are dominant in which courses each?

A

Erosion - upper course

Deposition - lower course

10
Q

How is river eroding in upper course compared to middle course?

A

Vertically in upper and laterally in middle

11
Q

Which weathering helps to create a V-shaped valley?

A

Freeze-thaw weathering

12
Q

How does vertical erosion occur?

A

High turbulence causing rough, angular particles to be scraped along river bed, which causes intense downwards erosion

13
Q

Difference between vertical and lateral erosion?

A

V - deepens channel and valley, making it V-shaped

L - widens valley and channel during formation of meanders

14
Q

4 processes of erosion in rivers?

A

Hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition and solution

15
Q

What does attrition cause to rocks between the source and mouth?

A

Particle size of rock to decreasae

16
Q

What is hydraulic action in river?

A

Force of water breaks rock particles away from channel

17
Q

4 processes of transportation in river?

A

Traction, suspension, saltation and solution

18
Q

4 reasons why rivers deposit material?

A
  • reduction in velocity of water
  • amount of eroded material in water increases
  • shallower water and volume of water in river falls
  • river reaches an obstruction (sea or lake)