Flashcards in Unit 1: Chapter R and 1 Deck (23)
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1
Q
SI Units
A
standard international
2
Q
mass
A
kg
3
Q
length
A
meter (m)
4
Q
time
A
seconds (s)
5
Q
temperature
A
Kelvin (K)
6
Q
Kelvin
A
- 0 Kelvin= absolute zero
- K= C + 273
7
Q
M
A
- mega
- 10 to the power of 6
- x million
8
Q
K
A
- kilo
- 10 to the power of 3
- x thousand
9
Q
c
A
- centi
- 10..-2
- one hundredth
10
Q
m
A
- milli
- 10..-3
- one thousandth
11
Q
μ
A
-micro
-10..-6
one millionth
12
Q
n
A
- nano
- 10..-9
- one billionth
13
Q
Sig Figs
A
- Significant Figures
1. All non-zero numbers are sig figs
2. A zero between non zero numbers is a sig fig (101)
3. A zero after a non zero number may be a sig fig - ADD/SUB= keep the least amount of sig figs after the decimal point
- MULT/DIV= keep the least amount of sig figs in your final answer
- put units!!
14
Q
density
A
- property for a pure substance that will never change
- d=m/v (mass/volume)\
- density unit= g/mL; g/cm; kg/L
15
Q
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
A
- elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. (false= protons and neutrons are smaller than atoms)
- atoms of the same element are identical (false= isotopes= atoms that have the same numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons)
- Combination of elements (atoms) form a compound
- Law of Definite proportions= 1:1 ratio when elements combine (ex; NaCl always 1:1)
- Law of Multiple Proportions= ratio can change (smaller or larger) (ex; NO, N2O5) - chemical reactions occur due to the rearrangement of atoms
16
Q
Thompson’s model of the atom
A
- plum pudding model
- protons and electrons jumbled inside the atom
17
Q
Rutherford’s model of atom
A
- electrons surrounding it
- nucleus= protons and neutrons
- experiment= atom in center w/ gold foil surrounding it
- bean of alpha particles (positive charged) hit the atom
- most of them passed through (empty space)
- some reflected (hit another proton)
- huge positive charge in nucleus
18
Q
Atomic mass/mass number
A
-number of protons and neutrons
19
Q
atomic number
A
-number of protons
20
Q
protons
A
-subatomic particle with a positive charge
21
Q
electrons
A
-subatomic particle with a negative charge
22
Q
neutrons
A
-subatomic particle with no charge
23
Q
isotopes
A
- atoms with the same atomic number but different mass number