Unionism and Cooperation Flashcards Preview

A Level Britain 1785-1870 > Unionism and Cooperation > Flashcards

Flashcards in Unionism and Cooperation Deck (30)
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1
Q

What is a trade union?

A

A worker’s organisation which helps its members

2
Q

Name 2 reasons why people join trade unions.

A

Wages, rights, pensions, benefits, solidarity

3
Q

What did employers make employees sign in the 1820s and 1830s to stop them joining a trade union?

A

The Document

4
Q

What did the Combination Acts stop?

A

Setting up a trade union

5
Q

When were the Combination Acts passed?

A

1799/1800

6
Q

Which prime minister was in power when the Combination Acts were passed?

A

William Pitt

7
Q

What did the Friendly Societies Act of 1793 demand of Friendly Societies? Give 2 points.

A

Register with JP, rules, constitution, lodge documentation, updates, etc

8
Q

Which law was used against the Tollpuddle Martyrs?

A

Illegal oaths Act 1797

9
Q

What county is Tolpuddle in?

A

Dorset

10
Q

When did the Tolpuddle Martyrs case occur?

A

1834

11
Q

How many Tolpuddle Martyrs were there?

A

6

12
Q

Who was the main Tolpuddle martyr?

A

George Loveless

13
Q

Why did the Tolpuddle Martyrs form a union?

A

Because they were being paid only 6 shillings a weeks when the average wage was 10.

14
Q

In what year were the Combination Acts repealed?

A

1824

15
Q

What happened to the Tolpuddle Martyrs?

A

Transported to Australia

16
Q

When were the Tolpuddle Martyrs pardoned?

A

1836

17
Q

What did the Amending Act of 1825 do?

A

Made is difficult to strike

18
Q

When was the National Union of Cotton Spinners founded by John Doherty?

A

1829

19
Q

Give 2 reasons why the Grand National Consolidated Trade Union failed in 1834.

A

The Document, Whig opposition, lack of support from 4 biggest unions, communications, funding

20
Q

Who founded the GNCTU?

A

Robert Owen

21
Q

What is capitalism?

A

Pursuit of profit from private ownership of business

22
Q

What was a ‘knobstick’?

A

Strike breaker

23
Q

What does the term ‘Laissez faire’ mean and to what does it refer?

A

Governments leaving things to sort themselves out in economic matters

24
Q

What is a closed shop?

A

A workplace where everyone has to join a trade union

25
Q

What is the definition of an artisan?

A

A skilled worker/tradesman

26
Q

Which unions joined together in 1851 to form the Amalgamated Society of Engineers?

A

Old Mechanics, Steam Engine Makers’ Society and the General Smiths

27
Q

Name 2 characteristics of New Model Unionism?

A

Skilled workers, small unions joining together to create a large one, used negotiation rather than militancy, respect and moderation.

28
Q

What was the idea of an ‘aristocracy of labour’ as described by the Webbs?

A

The division of skilled/unskilled labour/hierachy of labour.

29
Q

Why was the ASE successful where the GNCTU had failed? Give 3 reasons.

A

Leadership of William Allan, rigid admin system, paid general secretary, elected executive council, membership tax rather than voluntary contributions.

30
Q

What role did the ASE take in the London builders dispute and when was it?

A

1859-60, the London builders on strike wanting reduction to 9 hour day, ASE gave 3 donations of 1,000 to strike fund to give them the chance to hold out for 6 months and made the employers compromise.