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S1 BIO 100 A&P 1 > UE articulations > Flashcards

Flashcards in UE articulations Deck (19)
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1
Q

Types and ROMovement at synovial joints

A
  • Factors that determine type:
    1. shapes of the articulating surfaces of the bones
    2. positions of the joints’ ligaments and nearby muscles and tendons
  • types of movements: gliding, angular, rotation, and special movements
2
Q

Gliding movements

A
  • simplest of all
  • articular surfaces of relatively flat bones glide over articular surfaces of other bones without any angular or circular movement; movement is back and forth, side to side
  • where?
    1. Intercarpal
    2. Intertarsal
    3. Articular facets of vertebrae
3
Q

ROM

A

Range of motion assessment is used to determine the extent of joint injury
- goniómetro

4
Q

Shoulder

A
  • glenohumeral, sternoclavicular, acromialclavicular joint
  • shallowness of glenoid fossa allows movement
  • glenoid labrum: narrow rim of fibrocartilage around the glenoid cavity that adds depth to the cavity
  • most commonly dislocated (anteriorly)
5
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

A

Synovial joint

  • diarthroses
  • gliding
  • medial end of clavicle with the manubrium of the sternum
6
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

A

Synovial

  • diarthroses
  • gliding; elevation, depression, protraction, and retraction
  • distal end of the clavicle with the acrimino of the scapula
  • site of shoulder separation
7
Q

Humeroulnar overview

A
  • classical hinge joint
  • single joint capsule surrounds the elbow joint
  • medial and lateral epicondyle are externally palpable bony landmarks
8
Q

Humeroulnar joint

A
  • synovial hinge joint
  • extension and flexion
  • trochlea of the humerus with the semilunar notch of the ulna; head of the radius with the capitulamos of the humerus
9
Q

Shoulder joint

A
  • synovial ball and socket joint
  • flexion, extension, abd, add, rotation, and circumdaunciton of the upper part of the arm
  • head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity of the scapular
10
Q

Humeroulnar joint (radioulnar)

A
  • synovial pivot joint
  • supination and pronation of the forearm and hand; rotation of the forearm on the upper extremity
  • head of the radius in the radial notch of the ulna
  • stabilized by the annular ligament
  • dislocation (nursemaid’s elbow) is typically inferior and lateral
11
Q

Humeroradial joint

A

Lateral articulation of capitulum of humerus with head of the radius

12
Q

Olecranon bursa

A
  • located just under the skin on the posterior surface overlying the olecranon process of the ulna
  • olecranon bursitis is inflammation of the bursa
13
Q

Funny bone

A
  • the ulnar nerve runs between the olecranon process and the medial epicondyle
  • blows to this area produce unpleasant sensations in the hand and fingers supplied by the nerve
14
Q

Distal radioulnar joint

A
  • point of articulation between ulnar notch of radius and head of ulna
  • together with proximal radioulnar joint permits pronation and supination
15
Q

Radiocarpal joints

A
  • synovial condyloid joint
  • flexion, extension, abd, and add of the hand
  • scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral bones articulate with the radius and articular disk
16
Q

Wrist fractures

A
  • scaphoid: heals slowly due to limited blood supply

- radial styloid process: dinner-fork deformity

17
Q

Intercarpal joints

A
  • synovial hinge joint
  • flexion and extension
  • between phalanges
18
Q

Carpometacarpal joints

A
  • synovial hinge joint
  • flexion, extension, limited abd, add of fingers
  • distal end of metacarpal bones with proximal end of the phalanges
19
Q

1st cmc joint

A
  • synovial saddle joint
  • flexion, extension, abd, add, and circumduction of the thumb and opposition to the fingers
  • proximal end of the first metacarpal bone with the trapezium