Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

7th Grade > U1L3-Cell Structure & Function > Flashcards

U1L3-Cell Structure & Function Flashcards

1
Q

T or F

All cells have the same structure and functions

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T or F

Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T or F

Plant cells are the same as animal cells.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T or F

All organisms are multicellular.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does chloro stand for?

A

Green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does plast stand for?

A

Structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chloroplast

A

part of plant cells that contain a green pigment used for making their own food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does a prokaryote differ from a eukaryote?

A
  1. they are only single celled organisms

2. do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do Eukaryotic cells differ from each other?

A

They differ based on structure and function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do all eukaryotic cells share in common?

A
  1. They all have a nucleus
  2. They all have membrane bound organelles
  3. They all have parts that protect and support the cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Every cell is surrounded by _________.

A

Cell Membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of a cell membrane?

A
  1. Act as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cells environment
  2. protects the cell and regulates what enter and leaves the cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus

A

cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cytoskeleton

A
  1. network of protein filaments that gives shape and support to cells
  2. involved in cell division & movement
  3. may help cell to move
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell’s genetic material

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is stored in the nucleus

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is DNA?

A

genetic material that contains information needed for cell processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What performs most actions of the cell?

A

proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Are proteins made in the nucleus?

A

No. Although DNA is found in the nucleus, proteins are not made there. The instructions for how to make proteins are stored in DNA. These instructions are sent out of the nucleus through pores in the nuclear membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Nuclear membrane

A

double layer

each layer is similar in structure to the cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cells get energy by breaking down food using what process

A

cellular respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does cellular respiration occur?

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How does cellular respiration occur?

A
  1. cells use oxygen to release energy stored in food
  2. the mitochondria then transfer the energy released from the sugar to a molecule called adenosine triphosphate, or ATP
24
Q

Cells use _____ to carry out cell processes.

A

ATP

25
Q

Describe the structure of the mitochondria

A
  1. They have their own DNA
  2. two cell membranes
  3. outer membrane is smooth
  4. inner membrane has many folds
26
Q

What is the function of the folds?

A

folds increase the surface area inside the mitochondria.

27
Q

The organelle that makes proteins by putting together chains of amino acids using instructions encoded in the cell’s DNA.

A

Ribosomes

28
Q

Are ribosomes not enclosed in membranes?

A

No

29
Q

How are ribosomes structurally different in prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes?

A

in prokaryotes, the ribosomes are suspended freely in the cytoplasm, in eukaryotes, some ribosomes are free, and others are attached to another organelle called the endoplasmic reticulucm

30
Q

A system of membranes near the nucleus that assists in the production, processing and transport of proteins and production of lipids

A

endoplasmic reticulum

31
Q

What are the different types of ER?

A

smooth or rough

32
Q

What are the functions of the ER?

A
  1. assists in the production, processing and transport of proteins
  2. production of lipids
33
Q

What is the function of the ribosomes on the rough ER?

A

to make protein

34
Q

What is the function of the smooth ER?

A

makes lipids & breaks down toxic materials that could damage the cells

35
Q

The membrane-bound organelle that packages and distributes materials, such as proteins

A

Golgi complex

36
Q

Who was the Golgi Complex named after?

A

Camillo Golgi

37
Q

Describe how the Golgi Complex functions.

A

Lipids & proteins from the ER are delivered to the Golgi complex where they may be modified to do different jobs. Final products are enclosed in a piece of the Golgi complex’s membrane. This membrane pinches off to form a small bubble, or vesicle. The vesicle transports its content to other parts of the cell or out of the cell.

38
Q

provides support and protection to the plant cell

A

cell wall

39
Q

A fluid filled vesicle found in the cells of most animals, plants, and fungi.

A

Vacuole

40
Q

Plant cells have a large _________ that stores water.

A

Central Vacuole

41
Q

Organelles where photosynthesis occurs

A

chloroplasts

42
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

process by which cells use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and oxygen

43
Q

Why are chloroplasts green?

A

contains a green pigment called chlorophyll

44
Q

What is the function of chlorophyll?

A

absorbs energy in sunlight

45
Q

What happens to the energy made by chlorophyll?

A

energy is used to make sugar, which is then used by mitochondria to make ATP.

46
Q

How many membranes do the chloroplasts have?

A

two

47
Q

What additional part is found in the animal cells?

A

lysosomes

48
Q

Lysosome

A

Contain digestive enzymes which break down worn-out or damaged organelles, waste materials, and foreign invaders in the cell. Lysosomes attach to the vacuole and releases the digestive enzymes

49
Q

contains the genetic material

A

nucleus

50
Q

processes and transports proteins and makes lipids

A

endoplasmic reticulum

51
Q

packages and distributes materials within or out of the cell

A

Golgi complex

52
Q

makes proteins

A

ribosomes

53
Q

uses sunlight, CO2, and H2O to make food by photosynthesis

A

chloroplast

54
Q

breaks down food molecules to release energy by cellular respiration

A

mitochondria

55
Q

stores water and helps give shape to the cell

A

large central vacuole

56
Q

produces enzymes that digest wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders

A

lysosome

57
Q

what structures are found in plant cells and not in animal cells?

A

large central vacuole
chloroplast
cell wall

7th Grade (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions