Transport Systems in Plants Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Transport Systems in Plants Deck (41)
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1
Q

Why do plants need water?

A

Photosynthesis

Transporting useful materials through the plant such as nitrates and minerals in water from soil

2
Q

What vessel does water move through in plants?

A

Xylem vessels

3
Q

How does water leave the plant?

A

Through pores called stomata in the underside of the leaf, this process is called transpiration

4
Q

What is the advantage of root hairs?

A

They increase the surface area of the root and so increase the rate at which water can be absorbed from the soil

5
Q

How does water move through the roots of a plant?

A

Water moves from the soil into the root hair by osmosis; then, by osmosis, between cells; then, by osmosis, into xylem where it moves into the stem

6
Q

What are xylem vessels made of?

A

Dead cells which have no cell contents that are supported by rings of lignin

7
Q

What is the top layer of cells in a leaf called?

A

Upper epidermis

8
Q

What is the second layer of cells in a leaf called?

A

Palisade mesophyll

9
Q

What is the third layer of cells in a leaf called?

A

Spongy mesophyll

10
Q

What is the bottom layer of cells in a leaf called?

A

Lower epidermis

11
Q

What are the cells called that control the opening of the stoma?

A

Guard cell

12
Q

What are the pores called where water leaves the plant?

A

Stoma (stomata)

13
Q

Factors affecting the rate of transpiration

A

Air humidity
Air temperature
Light intensity

14
Q

How are the stomata opened?

A

When guard cells swell up due to water entering them by osmosis

15
Q

How are the stomata closed?

A

When the guard cells shrink due to water leaving them by osmosis

16
Q

How are sugars made in plants?

A

They are made in the leaves by photosynthesis

17
Q

What are sugars transported by in plants?

A

Specialised cells Called phloem

18
Q

What are phloem vessels made of?

A

Strands of cytoplasm
Sieve plates
Companion cells

19
Q

What do the stands of cytoplasm in phloem vessels do?

A

Sugars are transported through them

20
Q

What do the sieve plates in phloem vessels do?

A

They open and close the strands of cytoplasm in the phloem

21
Q

What do the companion cells in phloem vessels do?

A

Control the sieve plates and so control the direction the sugars are moved through the plant

22
Q

What vessel does water move through in plants?

A

Xylem vessels

23
Q

How does water leave the plant?

A

Through pores called stomata in the underside of the leaf, this process is called transpiration

24
Q

What is the advantage of root hairs?

A

They increase the surface area of the root and so increase the rate at which water can be absorbed from the soil

25
Q

How does water move through the roots of a plant?

A

Water moves from the soil into the root hair by osmosis; then, by osmosis, between cells; then, by osmosis, into xylem where it moves into the stem

26
Q

What are xylem vessels made of?

A

Dead cells which have no cell contents that are supported by rings of lignin

27
Q

What is the top layer of cells in a leaf called?

A

Upper epidermis

28
Q

What is the second layer of cells in a leaf called?

A

Palisade mesophyll

29
Q

What is the third layer of cells in a leaf called?

A

Spongy mesophyll

30
Q

What is the bottom layer of cells in a leaf called?

A

Lower epidermis

31
Q

What are the cells called that control the opening of the stoma?

A

Guard cell

32
Q

What are the pores called where water leaves the plant?

A

Stoma (stomata)

33
Q

Factors affecting the rate of transpiration

A

Air humidity
Air temperature
Light intensity

34
Q

How are the stomata opened?

A

When guard cells swell up due to water entering them by osmosis

35
Q

How are the stomata closed?

A

When the guard cells shrink due to water leaving them by osmosis

36
Q

How are sugars made in plants?

A

They are made in the leaves by photosynthesis

37
Q

What are sugars transported by in plants?

A

Specialised cells Called phloem

38
Q

What are phloem vessels made of?

A

Strands of cytoplasm
Sieve plates
Companion cells

39
Q

What do the stands of cytoplasm in phloem vessels do?

A

Sugars are transported through them

40
Q

What do the sieve plates in phloem vessels do?

A

They open and close the strands of cytoplasm in the phloem

41
Q

What do the companion cells in phloem vessels do?

A

Control the sieve plates and so control the direction the sugars are moved through the plant