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Flashcards in Transport In Humans Deck (23)
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0
Q

What is the blood made up of? (2)

A

Plasma

Blood cells

1
Q

What 2 main things does the blood do?

A

Transports substances from one part of the body to another (oxygen, nutrients, urea, hormones)

Helps defend the body against disease

2
Q

What is the function of plasma?

A

(Liquid) carries mineral ions, glucose, hormones, amino acids, CO2 and urea

3
Q

Describe a RBC

A

Biconcave shape, no nucleus, contains haemoglobin

4
Q

What’s the function of a RBC?

A

Contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen from lungs to organs

5
Q

What are the 2 categories of white blood cells?

A

Lymphocytes and phagocytes

6
Q

What is the function lymphocytes?

A

Produce antibodies

7
Q

What is the function of phagocytes?

A

Engulf foreign bodies

8
Q

Decide a platelet

A

Fragment of cells, no nucleus, small

9
Q

What’s the function of a platelet?

A

To clot the blood

10
Q

Why are RBCs biconcave?

A

For a larger surface area to volume ratio - 02 diffuses in and out quickly

11
Q

What does haemoglobin contain?

A

Iron

12
Q

What is a disease?

A

A condition that prevents the body or part of it working properly

13
Q

What causes disease?

A

Other organisms entering the body and reproducing in it.

They may damage or poison it

14
Q

What act as physical barriers to diseases?

A

Skin and membranes

15
Q

What happens if physical barriers become damaged?

A

White blood cells take over defence

16
Q

What can phagocytes do?

A

Change their shape and move from place to place
Move through walls of capillaries into the tissues
Always move to areas of infection

17
Q

What do lymphocytes do to make sure our body from being infected by the same pathogen?

A

Produce memory cells and remain in circulatory system for a lifetime

18
Q

What do memory cells do?

A

When the body encounters the same pathogen, react with it and produce antibodies much earlier
We are said to have gained immunity

19
Q

How does vaccination work?

A

Body given a dose of the pathogen and is either the dead pathogen or parts of the pathogens cell surface

20
Q

What do arteries do?

A
Take blood away from heart 
Quite large diameter
Think muscular walls 
Small lumen 
High pressure to push blood along arteries
21
Q

What are veins like and what is their function?

A
Take blood from tissues back to heart
Large in diameter
Thin walls 
Big lumen 
Low pressure
22
Q

How does blood flow through veins?

A

Sandwiched between muscles
When muscles contract, veins are squashed forcing blood in them to move
Contain one way pocket valves to make sure they move in the correct direction