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Flashcards in Toxicology Deck (38)
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1
Q

Adult poisonings can be

A

accidental or intentional

2
Q

Addiction

A

physical or psychological need to continue misusing a drug or toxin

3
Q

Tolerance

A

the need to take increasing amounts of the drug or toxin to achieve the desired effects

4
Q

4 Routs of Exposure

A

ingestion
inhalation
injection
absorption

5
Q

Most common route of exposure

A

ingestion

6
Q

Accidental overdose is predominately common in

A

pediatric

geriatric

7
Q

Common accidental overdose medications

A

cardiac medications
psychiatric medications
acetaminophen

8
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Ingested Toxins

A

burning to the mouth/airway
stomach pain
altered LOC
altered vital signs

9
Q

Intentional overdoses by adults often involve

A

more than one substance

10
Q

Sedatives, narcotics, and barbiturates can cause

A

altered LOC and respiratory depression

11
Q

Specific interventions for ingested toxins

A

activated charcoal

12
Q

Examples of inhaled poisons

A

chemicals
pesticides
carbon monoxide
natural gas

13
Q

Signs and symptoms of inhaled poisons

A
dyspnea
coughing
dizziness
headache
abnormal lung sounds
14
Q

Specific Interventions for inhaled toxins

A

high flow oxygen

monitor lung sounds

15
Q

Effects of injected toxins can be difficult to

A

diminish
dilute
inhibit

16
Q

Commonly injected toxins include

A

morphine
heroin
cocaine
amphetamines

17
Q

Signs and Symptoms of injected substances

A

mood elevation
restlessness
tachycardia
seizures, heart attack, stroke, death

18
Q

pinpoint pupils is a sign of

A

injected narcotics

19
Q

Examples of absorbed poisons

A

pesticides
acids/alkalis
petroleum based products

20
Q

Signs and symptoms of absorbed toxins

A

skin burns
rash/blisters
itching/burning

21
Q

Specific Interventions for absorbed toxins

A

decontaminate

irrigate skin or eyes with water for 20mins

22
Q

What should you do with a patient who has an altered or decreased LOC

A

administer oxygen and check BGL

23
Q

Most long term alcoholics will develop

A

hepititis

24
Q

Alcohol withdrawal can cause

A
restless
irritable
agitated
hallucinations
tremors
seizures
25
Q

Types of Narcotics

A

morphine
codeine
heroin
oxycodone

26
Q

Narcotics depress what?

A

CNS

27
Q

Examples of barbiturates

A

amytal
seconal
luminal

28
Q

Examples of benzodiazepines

A

valium
xanax
rohypnol

29
Q

Examples of abused inhalants

A

acetones
glues
cleaning chemicals
paints etc

30
Q

Inhalants can cause

A

brain damage

cardiac arrest

31
Q

Examples of stimulants

A

caffeine
cocaine
amphetamines
methamphetamines

32
Q

Altered sensory perception is an effect of what?

A

hallucinogens

33
Q

Examples of caustic substances

A

acids and alkalis

34
Q

These have a very low pH

A

acids

35
Q

These have a very high pH

A

alkalis

36
Q

Examples of acids and alkalis

A

drain openers
bathroom cleaners
ammonia
bleach

37
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

petroleum based found in gasoline, paints, sunscreen, erc

38
Q

Activated charcoal is contraindicated with

A

hydrocarbon ingestion