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Edexcel GCSE Combined Science (Chemistry) STANDARD > Topic 8 Fuels and Earth science > Flashcards

Topic 8 Fuels and Earth science Flashcards

1
Q

1 What are the chemical symbols for the elements carbon and hydrogen?

A

C; H

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2
Q

3 What state (solid, liquid or gas) is crude oil at room temperature?

A

liquid

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3
Q

8 How many years hundreds, thousands or millions does it take for crude oil to form?

A

millions

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4
Q

11 Name the two elements found in hydrocarbons.

A

carbon; hydrogen

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5
Q

12 Crude oil is forming extremely slowly. Does this make it a finite resource or a non-renewable one?

A

finite

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6
Q

13 Petrol comes from crude oil. Give one use for petrol.

A

fuel for cars

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7
Q

14 Name the main hydrocarbon found in natural gas.

A

methane

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8
Q

15 Diesel oil is being used up faster than crude oil forms. Does this make it a finite resource or a non-renewable one?

A

non-renewable

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9
Q

16 Name the polymer formed from ethene, which comes from crude oil.

A

polyethene

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10
Q

21 Give one typical use of fuel oil.

A

fuel for large ships/fuel for some power stations

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11
Q

26 What process is used to separate crude oil into useful mixtures?

A

fractional distillation

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12
Q

28 Which fraction is more easily ignited, bitumen or kerosene?

A

kerosene

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13
Q

29 Which fraction is more viscous, bitumen or kerosene?

A

bitumen

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14
Q

32 What is the most abundant element in air?

A

nitrogen/N2

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15
Q

33 Which gas reacts with hydrocarbons when they burn?

A

oxygen/O2

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16
Q

34 Name one fossil fuel used in cars.

A

petrol/diesel oil

17
Q

35 Name a gas produced when carbon burns.

A

carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide

18
Q

36 What compound forms when hydrogen burns in air?

A

water

19
Q

38 To get a roaring blue Bunsen burner flame, do you open or close the air hole?

A

open it

20
Q

41 What are the products of the complete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels?

A

carbon dioxide; water

21
Q

42 Which gas is produced during incomplete combustion, but not complete combustion, of hydrocarbon fuels?

A

carbon monoxide

22
Q

43 What solid element is produced during the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels?

A

carbon

23
Q

55 Name the homologous series to which ethane belongs.

A

alkanes

24
Q

57 What type of rain forms when sulfur dioxide, from some hydrocarbon fuels, dissolves in rainwater?

A

acid

25
Q

58 Name the greenhouse gas released when any hydrocarbon fuel burns.

A

carbon dioxide

26
Q

61 Which common compound of carbon and oxygen is thought to have been an abundant gas in Earths early atmosphere?

A

carbon dioxide

27
Q

63 Name the biological process that increases oxygen levels and reduces carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

A

photosynthesis

28
Q

71 Where were the gases that formed the Earths early atmosphere released from?

A

volcanoes

29
Q

72 What two compounds are thought to have formed most of the Earths early atmosphere?

A

water, carbon dioxide

30
Q

73 What is the chemical test for carbon dioxide?

A

turns limewater milky/cloudy

31
Q

75 Which element that makes up about 21% of the atmosphere of Earth today was not thought to be present in the atmosphere 4.5 billion years ago?

A

oxygen

32
Q

77 What gas given out by volcanoes is thought to have condensed to form oceans?

A

water vapour

33
Q

79 What process in plants releases oxygen?

A

photosynthesis

34
Q

80 What is the chemical test for oxygen?

A

relights a glowing splint

35
Q

87 Photosynthesis affects the concentrations of two gases in the atmosphere - carbon dioxide, and what other gas?

A

oxygen

36
Q

89 Certain gases in the atmosphere keep the Earth warm. What is this effect called?

A

greenhouse effect

37
Q

90 Give the name of one of the most common greenhouse gases.

A

carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour

38
Q

96 What word beginning with c describes the way in which two variables appear to be linked because they show similar patterns of change?

A

correlation

39
Q

99 What type of human activity has mainly increased the level of greenhouse gases since 1750?

A

burning fossil fuels

Edexcel GCSE Combined Science (Chemistry) STANDARD (8 decks)

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