Topic 5: Part D Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Topic 5: Part D Deck (25)
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1
Q

Linoleic acid (c18:2n6) is an

A

omega-6 fatty acid

2
Q

Alpha-linolenic acid (c18:3n3)

A

omega-3 fatty acid

3
Q

Both fatty acids have been reported too..

A

protect against cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases

4
Q

What is ratio important factor fatty acids

A

ratio of omega 3 to omega 6

5
Q

3 main types of omega 3 fatty acids

A
  • ALA (alpha-linolenic acid) – from plant sources

  • EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) – from fish sources 
 

  • DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) – from fish sources
6
Q

The low incidence of cardiovascular disease in Inuit population has been attributed to the…

A

high omega3-omega6 ratio in their diet which is based primarily on fish.

7
Q

Fish oil contains a high..

A

omega3-omega6 ratio and has been shown to decrease serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels

8
Q

Fish oil also lowered..

A

blood pressure in hypertensive patients

9
Q

Important food source of omega 3 fatty acid is..

A

flaxseed

10
Q

Some food products that have been enriched with omega-3 fatty acid includes..

A

margarines, bread, milk, orange juice, and eggs

11
Q

Ground flaxseed can …

A

lower cholesterol

12
Q

Potential benefits of EPA/DHA

A
  • heart disease
  • decrease serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels
  • reported to protect against CVD and inflammatory disease
  • relaxation of blood vessels (lowering of BP)
  • may slow the hardening of arteries, slowing atherosclerosis
  • cancer
  • DHA helps the retina to form, important for normal vision development in infants
13
Q

Infant growth and development can be benefited from EPA/DHA because ..

A

DHA concentrates in the cortex of the brain, important for normal brain development in infants

14
Q

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)

A

two double bonds are separated by one single bond (-CH=CH-CH=CH-)

15
Q

In linoleic acid the two double bonds are separated by …

A

two single bonds (-CH=CH-CH2-CH=CH-)

16
Q

CLA is a …

A

natural fatty acid mostly found in meat of ruminants

17
Q

Animals that chew the cud contain more CLA than non ruminant meats because..

A

the stomach of ruminants convert LA to CLA which absorbed into animal tissue

18
Q

Non ruminants don’t have the bacteria that converts LA to CLA and

A

cannot produce CLA

19
Q

CLA is available in..

A

pills sold as over the counter products in grocery and drug stores

20
Q

CLA has been found to…

A

suppress atherosclerosis in blood vessels

21
Q

Potential anti-carcinogenic effect of CLA has been shown in..

A

rats

22
Q

2000 survey determined that women with the most CLA in diets had a …

A

60% reduction in the risk of breast cancer

23
Q

CLA has been shown to reduce ..

A

fat mass and preserve muscle tissue in rats but human benefit hasn’t been completely demonstrated

24
Q

CLA lowers insulin resistance which may help …

A

prevent adult-onset of diabetes

25
Q

CLA enhances ..

A

immunity and resistance to infections