Topic 4: Dental Radiology Techniques Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Topic 4: Dental Radiology Techniques Deck (29)
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1
Q

What are the indications for taking dental radiographs

A
Before and after extractions 
Periodontal disease
Discolored teeth
Fractured teeth
Gingival ulcers
Missing teeth (Evaluate an area where the teeth appear to be missing)
Malocclusions causing trauma
Malformed teeth
Tooth resorptions or root resorptions
Pet dropping food
Foul odor in mouth
Reluctance to eat
Reluctance to eat chews
Nasal discharge
2
Q

What are the medical indications for taking dental radiographs

A

To document the obvious - supporting treatment decisions
Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative endodontics
Endodontics: dental speciality concerned with the study & tx of dental pulp
Follow progression of pulpal pathology and/or periodontal disease

3
Q

What are the legal indications for dental radiographs

A

Part of the file/ Legal documentation
For client communication
For prepurchase exams on show dogs to see if the proper number of teeth exist

4
Q

What are the practice management/economical reasons for doing dental radiographs

A

Dental radiology pays for the expensive “toys” that don’t pay for themselves…
…” Or “ we are losing money by not taking intraoral x-rays!“
Because it is a diagnostic tool
We found lesions – we treat them!

5
Q

Describe the dental X-ray machine

A
Provides the X-ray source
Portable or wall-mounted
Portable
Floor trolley (less user friendly
Hand-held dental x-ray unit
KVp and MA settings are fixed
Usually 50-70 KVp
mA is fixed (8-10)
Can use regular rad machine, but film-focus distance is only 30-50 cm
Better to use dental machine
6
Q

What is the one exposure variable for the dental X-ray machine

A

time in seconds

7
Q

What are two types of dental radiology

A

dental standard radiology

digital dental radiology

8
Q

What are the two types of digital dental radiology

A

indirect (CR)

direct (DR)

9
Q

Describe dental film

A
Small & flexible
Non-screen film
Size 0, 1, 2 (periapical), size 4 (occlusal)
Non screen film
Single emulsion
Speed: D (ultra) E, F(EKTA) 
E, F: lower detail
D: commonly used
10
Q

Why is the dental film in an envelope

A

to protect it from light exposure

11
Q

why does the dental film contain a layer of lead foil

A

to absorb scatter radiation

12
Q

Why does the dental film have a dot

A

to let you know which side is to be placed rostrally. So you can always tell right from left

13
Q

How do you develop X-ray films

A

Chairside darkroom
Developing solutions
Film clips

14
Q

Describe indirect dental radiology

A

Use photo-stimulable phosphorplates (PSP)
Place in plastic holders
Exposed and then digitally scanned
Flexible, reusable plates or sheets instead of film
After exposure, plate→ scanner → latent formed image is retrieved point-by-point → digitized (laser light scanning)
The digitized images are stored and displayed on a computer screen.

15
Q

What are the advantages to the indirect digital dental radiographs

A

Sensor plates size 0,2, 4, (6)
Flexible
Long used-life
Not expensive to replace

16
Q

what are the disadvantages to indirect digital dental radiographs

A

Sensor plates must be removed from mouth to get the image
More time than direct
Image quality questionable
Keep away from direct light while scanning

17
Q

Describe direct digital dental radiography

A

Sensor (CCD-Type or CMOS)
2 sizes (1 & 2)
Rigid, relatively thick
Connect to a computer with appropriate software (by wire or WIFI)

18
Q

What are the advantages to direct digital dental radiology

A

FAST!
Do not have to remove sensor to get the image
Better quality image

19
Q

what are the disadvantages to direct digital dental radiology

A
Disadvantages:
Small sensor size
Difficult to fit into small mouths
Fragile!
Expensive	
Only the sensor 8000$ (2012)
20
Q

What are the methods for radiology safety for dental xrays

A

Proper tube angle is important
Distance from the tube: 6 ft
Apron, thyroid lead protector
Dosimeter

21
Q

What is the intra-oral dental X-ray technique

A

intra-oral techniques:

Film positioned inside the mouth

22
Q

Describe the intra-oral dental X-ray technique

A

Patient can be left on lateral recumbency (as it is during the dental cleaning OR moved on dorsal or ventral recumbency

23
Q

Describe the parallel technique

A

Film is placed parallel to the long axis of the tooth

Central beam is directed perpendicular to the film

24
Q

What happens when the beam is angled too vertically when using the bisecting technique

A

foreshortened

25
Q

what happens when the beam is angled too horizontally when using the bisecting technique

A

lengthened

26
Q

How do you get the perfect image representation of the tooth using the bisecting technique

A

If the primary bean is aimed at 90 degree to a bisecting angle, the image will be a true representation of the tooth!

27
Q

When you’re taking an X-ray of the front tooth (maximally and mandibular incisors and canines) using the bisecting technique

A

view the animal from the side

28
Q

when you’re taking an X-ray of the side tooth (maxillary molars and premolars) using the bisecting technique

A

view the animal from the front

29
Q

How do you take a picture of all three roots in one picture

A

the parallax effect