Topic 2 Structure and bonding

Question 1

1. What can link two atoms together?

Answer 1

a bond

Question 2

6. What is an ion?

Answer 2

an atom that is charged because it has lost or gained one or more electrons

Question 3

7. What happens when an ionic bond is formed?

Answer 3

One atom loses electrons to another atom to form oppositely charged ions that attract each other.

Question 4

8. Which kinds of elements are usually involved in the formation of ionic bonds?

Answer 4

metals and non-metals

Question 5

10. How is a positive ion formed and what is it called?

Answer 5

formed by the loss of electrons; cation

Question 6

11. How is a negative ion formed and what is it called?

Answer 6

formed by the gain of electrons; anion

Question 7

13. Why do atoms form ions?

Answer 7

to become more stable (like a noble gas)

Question 8

20. What is the charge on the ions of elements in group 1 of the periodic table?

Answer 8

+1

Question 9

21. What is the charge on the ions of elements in group 6 of the periodic table?

Answer 9

-2

Question 10

22. What happens to the electrons in the outer shell of metal atoms when they form ions?

Answer 10

they are lost

Question 11

23. What is the name of the ionic compound containing calcium and bromine only?

Answer 11

calcium bromide

Question 12

28. How many electrons are in the outer shell of the elements in groups 5, 6 and 7?

Answer 12

5, 6 and 7

Question 13

29. What kind of electron arrangement is most stable?

Answer 13

a complete/full outer shell

Question 14

32. What are molecules?

Answer 14

groups of atoms held together by (covalent) bonds

Question 15

33. Which type of atoms are covalent bonds found between

Answer 15

non-metal and non-metal

Question 16

35. What happens to electrons between two atoms in a covalent bond

Answer 16

they are shared

Question 17

36. What kinds of elements usually form molecules?

Answer 17

non-metals

Question 18

41. What is the name of the force that holds molecules together in gases and liquids

Answer 18

intermolecular force

Question 19

42. How strong are the forces of attraction between molecules compared to the bonds within molecules?

Answer 19

They are relatively weak.

Question 20

43. Are simple molecules usually good conductors of electricity at room temperature?

Answer 20

No, they are poor conductors of electricity.

Question 21

45. What are intermolecular forces?

Answer 21

forces of attraction between molecules

Question 22

46. Do simple molecules have strong intermolecular forces between them?

Answer 22

No. They are described as weak.

Question 23

47. Why are simple molecules poor conductors of electricity?

Answer 23

There are no charge carriers.

Question 24

51. What strength of forces are there between different molecules of water?

Answer 24

weak

Question 25

52. Does pure water conduct electricity?

Answer 25

no

Question 26

53. What type of structure do diamond and graphite have?

Answer 26

(covalent), giant molecular

Question 27

54. What does the term malleable mean?

Answer 27

(can be hammered or bent into a different shape

Question 28

55. What type of bonding does copper have?

Answer 28

metallic

Question 29

56. What atoms does metallic bonding happen between?

Answer 29

metal and metal

Question 30

58. Why can metals conduct electricity?

Answer 30

electrons are free to move and carry charge

Question 31

60. What are the particles inside a metal?

Answer 31

metal ions surrounded by sea of electrons