Identify:
Macular Degeneration
How to treat? Macular Degeneration
Identify
Hypertensive Retinopathy
How to treat? Hypertensive Retinopathy
Identify
Diabetic Retinopathy
How to treat? Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Identify
Cataracts
How to treat? Cataracts
Identify
Primary open angle glaucoma
How to treat? Primary open angle glaucoma
Identify
TED and Graves Ophthalmopathy
How to treat? TED and Graves Ophthalmopathy
Identify
Orbital Cellulitis
How to treat? Orbital Cellulitis
Identify
Viral Conjunctivitis
DO NOT CONFUSE DISCHARGE WHEN WAKING UP; WILL BE MORE PRONOUNCED IN BACTERIAL
How to treat? Viral Conjunctivitis
Identify
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
How to treat? Bacterial Conjunctivitis
WANT DROP (GTTS)
Identify
Viral Keratitis
How to treat? HSV Viral Keratitis
How to treat? VZV Viral Keratitis
Acyclovir
Identify
Blepharitis
How to treat? Blepharitis
Identify
Dacryocystitis
How to treat? Dacryocystitis
Identify
Dacryoadenitis
How to treat? Dacryoadenitis
Identify
Hordeolum
How to treat? Hordeolum
Identify
Chalazion
How to treat? Chalazion
If penicillin allergy that causes a rash be careful of _____________
cephalosporins
Switch to: Ciprofloxacin or Levofloxacin
Identify
Entropion
How to treat? Entropion
Identify
Ectropion
How to treat? Ectropion
Identify
Conductive Hearing Loss
How to treat? Conductive Hearing Loss
Identify
Identify 3 primary offending agents for Acute Otitis Media
How to treat? Acute Otitis Media
Identify
Chronic Otitis Media
If infection is associated, what two organisms are associated with Chronic Otitis Media?
How to treat? Chronic Otitis Media
Identify
Otitis Media with Effusion
How to treat? Otitis Media with Effusion
Identify
Otitis Externa
5 organisms associated with Otitis Externa
How to treat? Mild Otitis Externa
How to treat? Mod-Severe Otitis Externa
How to treat? Fungal Otitis Externa
- Think autoimmune!!!!!!
How to treat? Malignant Otitis Externa
Identify
Foreign Body Removal (ear)
How to treat? Foreign Body Removal (ear)
Identify
Mastoiditis
How to treat? Mastoiditis
Identify
Tympanic Membrane Perforation
How to treat? Tympanic Membrane Perforation
Identify
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
How to treat? Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Identify
Presbycusis
How to treat? Presbycusis
Identify
Acoustic Neuroma
How to treat? Acoustic Neuroma
Identify
Noise Induced Hearing Loss
How to treat? Noise Induced Hearing Loss
Identify
Tinnitus
Tinnitus may result after
How to treat? Tinnitus
No evidence zinc or ginkgo biloba help
Identify 5 drugs associated with Drug-Induced Hearing Loss
Drug-Induced Hearing Loss
How to treat? Drug-Induced Hearing Loss
Identify
Pinna Hematoma
How to treat? Pinna Hematoma
Identify
Meniere Disease
How to treat? Meniere Disease
Identify
Vertigo
How to treat? Vertigo
Identify
BPPV
How to treat? BPPV
Identify
Labyrinthitis/Vestibular Neuronitis
Labrynthitis = hearing loss
Vestibular neuronitis = no hearing loss
Best way to differentiate Labyrinthitis versus Vestibular Neuronitis
Labrynthitis = hearing loss
Vestibular neuronitis = no hearing loss
How to treat? Viral Labyrinthitis/Vestibular Neuronitis
How to treat? Bacterial Labyrinthitis/Vestibular Neuronitis
Identify
Acute Sinusitis
Common organisms with Acute Sinusitis
How to treat? Acute Sinusitis-When to use antibiotics?
How to treat? Acute Sinusitis-Children?
How to treat? Acute Sinusitis-Adult?
Identify
Chronic Sinusitis
How to treat? Chronic Sinusitis
Identify
Allergic Rhinitis
How to treat? Allergic Rhinitis
Identify
Epistaxis
How to treat? Epistaxis
Identify
Nasal Foreign Body
How to treat? Nasal Foreign Body
Identify
Nasal Polyps
How to treat? Nasal Polyps
Identify
Aphthous Ulcers
How to treat? Aphthous Ulcers
Only focus on topical corticosteroids
Identify
Herpes Stomatitis / Herpes Gingivostomatitis
How to treat? Early presentation Herpes Stomatitis / Herpes Gingivostomatitis
How to treat? Later presentation Herpes Stomatitis / Herpes Gingivostomatitis
Once you see multiple leasions, Acyclovir won’t do anything
Identify
Leukoplakia Erythroplakia
Identify:
White patch that does not scrape off tongue
Leukoplakia
Identify
Erythematous asymptomatic macule with soft velvety texture
Erythroplakia
How to treat? Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia
WATCH FOR SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (SCC)!!!
Identify
Oral Lichen Planus
How to treat? Oral Lichen Planus
Clobetasol propionate 0.05%
Identify:
Lacy network of white papules and striations
Reticular Oral Lichen Planus
Identify:
red patches and Wickman’s striae
Erythematous Oral Lichen Planus
Identify:
ulcers, erosions, bullae
Erosive Oral Lichen Planus
Identify
Oral Cancer
How to treat? Oral Cancer
Identify
Acute Pharyngitis / Tonsillitis
Viral: Not have thick mucous layer
Bacterial: Likely to have thick mucous layer
3 organisms involved in Acute Pharyngitis / Tonsillitis
How to treat? Viral Acute Pharyngitis / Tonsillitis
How to treat? GAS Acute Pharyngitis / Tonsillitis
PEN V IS RECOMMENDED NOT AMOXICILLIN
How to treat? GAS Acute Pharyngitis / Tonsillitis w/ PCN allergy
Identify
Epiglottitis
4 organisms of Epiglottitis
At risk age group for Epiglottitis
2-4 yo
How to treat? Epiglottitis
Identify
Laryngitis
How to treat? Laryngitis
Identify
Oral candidiasis
THINK IMMUNOSUPPRESSION
How to treat? Oral candidiasis
How to treat? Oral Herpes Simplex
Same approach as Herpes Gingivostomatitis
Once you see multiple leasions, Acyclovir won’t do anything
Identify
Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis
Peak incidence age for Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis
Seen only in the very young (peak incidence 6-36 months)
How to treat? Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis
ONLY NSAID; NO ASPIRIN (chance of Reye’s syndrome)
Identify
Peritonsillar Abscess
3 potential organisms for Peritonsillar Abscess
How to treat? Peritonsillar Abscess
Identify
Parotitis
How to treat? Parotitis
3 complications of Parotitis
Identify
Sialadenitis & Sialolithiasis
How to treat? Sialadenitis
How to treat? Sialolithiasis
Sialadenitis versus Sialolithiasis
Stone formation only: Sialolithiasis
Infection of glands: Sialadenitis
Important modifiable factors with Macular Degeneration
- Smoking
- High BMI
- CV disease
How to treat? Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Purpose of Latanoprost in Primary open angle glaucoma
Increase outflow
Purpose of Timolol in Primary open angle glaucoma
Decrease secretion
Orbital Cellulitis is most commonly caused by which 2 organisms?
Most commonly caused by Staph and Strep
How to treat? Orbital Cellulitis with allergy to penicillin and/or cephalosporin
Most commonly caused by Staph and Strep
4 common organisms in Bacterial Conjunctivitis
2 common viruses associated with Viral Keratitis
HSV and VZV
Etiology of Blepharitis
May have infectious etiology
○Staph or Demodex mite
May only be inflammatory
○Seborrheic type
Acute Pharyngitis / Tonsillitis viral v. bacterial
Acute Pharyngitis / Tonsillitis
Viral: Not have thick mucous layer
Bacterial: Likely to have thick mucous layer