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Flashcards in theories Deck (16)
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1
Q

what is Malcolm peyty theory

A
  • the Bradford study
  • upper class= only 12% dropped the ‘h’
  • lower class= 93% dropped the ‘h’
2
Q

what is peter trudgills theory

A
  • Norwich study
  • focused on final ending ‘ing’
  • class is a determiner of non-standard usage than gender
  • men over-reported their non standard
  • women are more suscpetil to overt pretige
3
Q

what is basil Bernstein theory

A
  • there are 2 types of language
  • restricted code= used by all, working class most. Short, declarative
  • elaborated code= upper and middle class, more complex and grammatically complete
4
Q

what is jenny Cheshires theory

A
  • men and women use language differently
  • men ‘h’ drop at the beginning of words e.g “ouse”
  • men use “aint” more than women
5
Q

what is robin lakoffs theory

A
  • conversations are governed by politeness
    1. don’t impose
    2. give options
    3. make the receiver feel good
6
Q

what is howard giles theory

A
  • accommodation theory
  • speakers seek approval in social situations and are likely to change their speech
  • if they don’t want to be associated with the listener, they change their speech, using divergence
7
Q

what is labov’s theory

A
  • marth’a vineyard

- small groups of fisherman began to exaggerate

8
Q

what is james orr vs david crystal theory

A
  • is cockney dying out?
  • james orr said cockney is dying out
  • david crystal said the nations obsession with celebs is respibsible for the cockney slang
9
Q

what is kerswill theory

A
  • potential cause of dialect levelling is the reduction of rural employment
  • social mobility has increased leading to the breakdown of close knit communities
10
Q

what is paul folks and Docherty theory

A
  • focused on the replacement of ‘th’ with ‘f’ or ‘v’

- in London, the use likely to dialect levelling

11
Q

what is the BBC theory

A
  • there is a close link between prestige and pleasentness
  • Edinburgh= high on both accounts
  • Liverpool= unpleasant and lacked social prestige
  • London= helpful but not nice to listen to
  • queens English= favourite for prestige
12
Q

what is howard giles theory

A
  • ‘matched guise’ approach
  • participants listened to the same speaker in a range of accents and judged
  • RP was rated highest in intelligence
  • RP was the most confident
  • irish was honest and relibale
13
Q

what is neulip and steten- Hansen theory

A
  • used the ‘matched guise’ approach to research to ethnocentric view
  • link between ethnocentrism and perception of non-native accents
  • ranked speakers on attractiveness
14
Q

what is Seligman and lambert theory

A
  • teachers perceptions of studients were fifluenced by their speech
  • teachers make judgements on students abilities and personality
15
Q

what is peter trudgills theory about social background

A
  • language reflects class
  • pronunciation of velar nasal ‘nl’ e.g ‘running’
  • ‘runnin’ occurred more in working class
16
Q

what is Lesley Milroy’s theory

A

investigated causal speech in 3 Belfast communities

  1. low male unemployment
  2. substational male unemployment
  3. substantial male unemployment (catholic)
    - found the stronger the network, the greater the velarnacular