The Study Of A Habitat Flashcards Preview

Biology Leaving Cert > The Study Of A Habitat > Flashcards

Flashcards in The Study Of A Habitat Deck (31)
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1
Q

Mapping: factors to consider

A

flat or hilly ground? exposed or surrounded by walls? north or south?

2
Q

5 fauna

A
ladybird
greenfly
blackbird
caterpillar
rabbit
3
Q

5 flora

A
buttercup
broadleaf grasses
dandelion
daisy
nettle
4
Q

ladybird adaptation

A

bright colours warn off predators because of bad taste, strong mouthparts to consume aphids

5
Q

greenfly adaptation

A

green colour gives camouflage

6
Q

buttercup adaptation

A

bright flowers to attract insects for pollination

7
Q

dandelion adaptation

A

parachutes on seeds for ease of dispersal

8
Q

to calculate frequency of an organism

A

quadrat

9
Q

to calculate the percentage cover of an organism

A

gridded quadrat

10
Q

frequency formula

A

number of quadrats containing organism divided by number of quadrats thrown

11
Q

percentage cover formula

A

number of hits divided by the total number of points (x100 for %)

12
Q

pooter

A

used to collect insects, spiders, grass hoppers
method:
1. place flexible tube over the organism
2. suck through the other tube with gauze until the organism is in the jar

13
Q

beating tray

A

used to collect insects, spiders, caterpillars
method:
1. place under a tree/bush
2. shake or beat the tree/bush until the organisms fall onto the beating tray

14
Q

pitfall trap

A

used to collect crawling insects, snails
method:
1. place intoa hole in the soil
2.cover with a raised rock to prevent drowning

15
Q

sweep net

A

used to collect insects,spiders
method:
1. sweep along tall grass or hedges
2. identify the organisms caught

16
Q

mammal trap

A

used to collect mice, shrews
method:
1. place some bait into the trap and leave in the habitat for a period of time
2. once the organism enters, the trap door will close behind it so it cannot escape

17
Q

food web example 4 levels

A

leaves- snail- hedgehog- fox

18
Q

abiotic factors in an ecosystem

A

soil pH, air temperature/soil temperature, light intensity

19
Q

soil pH effect

A

affects plant distribution; some plants might favour alkaline soil so it wont go in acidic soil

20
Q

air temperature/ soil temperature effect

A

temperature can affect the rate of photosynthesis as it is controlled by enzymes. a higher temperature will increase photosynthesis rate, leading to faster plant growth

21
Q

light intensity effect

A

light is needed for photosynthesis, so more light intensity will increase the rate of photosynthesis. shaded areas may have less plants growing as a result a lack of light.

22
Q

soil pH instrument and method

A

instrument: pH meter
1. place probe into the soil and record result after one minute
2. results can be made more reliable by taking many samples

23
Q

air temperature/soil temperature instrument and method

A

instrument: thermometer/ soil thermometer
1. record the air temperature with a thermometer/ place the thermometer into the soil and record
2. results can be made more reliable by taking many samples

24
Q

light intensity instrument and method

A

instrument: photographic light meter
1. hold the meter out and record the light intensity
2. repeat for varying degrees of light intensity for more reliable results
errors: accidental shading

25
Q

identify sources of error in your survey

A

miscounting
misidentification of a plant/animal
sample taken was not random
sample size was too small

26
Q

factors that may affect the results of a survey

A

weather conditions: animals hide away, insects cannot fly in the wind
small sample size may not show the presence of rare plants or animals
age, sex and condition the organism is in may influence its location

27
Q

human impact on grassland ecosystem

A

deforestation and pollution

28
Q

deforestation

A

by cutting trees habitats are destroyed, food sources for organisms who rely on trees as a source of food can be short in supply as result, leading to death or the need for organisms to migrate to another habitat for food.

29
Q

pollution

A

can lead to air pollution which can cause respiratory issues for organisms who inhale toxic air as a result of air pollution caused by the use of vehicles on the road and industrial factories releasing smoke into the atmosphere.

30
Q

Subjective

A

A personal judgment as to the number (not recommended)

31
Q

Objective

A

An independent method of calculating numbers is used