The Self Flashcards

1
Q

Unique

A

One-off, which is not repeated

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2
Q

Free Will

A

The ability to make your own decision, uninfluenced by other factors

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3
Q

TS Core theory:

The Humanistic Theory of Self (4)

A
  • Each of us have the power to decide on our own actions
  • We are all motivated to fulfil our potential to become the best we can be
  • If self concept and ideal self are incongruent, an individual will have low self esteem
  • UCR helps achieve self actualization
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4
Q

Self-concept

A

A person’s view of their actual self

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5
Q

Ideal self

A

The person an individual would like to be

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6
Q

Self-esteem

A

A measure of how much we value ourselves

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7
Q

Unconditional positive regard

A

Showing an individual love without expecting certain conditions to be met

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8
Q

Self-actualisation

A

The idea that each of us has an inborn drive to want to fulfil our potential

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9
Q

The Humanistic theory of Self evaluation (3)

A
  1. Many of the ideas are vague and difficult to measure objectively (eg establishing level of self-actualisation)
  2. It is not a very scientific theory- the ideas are difficult to test and measure because we cannot observe them
  3. Ignores genetic evidence, which others believe can make up 20-60% of a person’s intellectual, emotional and social development
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10
Q
TS Alternative theory:
Trait theory (3)
A
  • We cannot help our personality, as it is just the way we are made
  • Our personality is shaped by the activity and arousal parts of our nervous system network
  • Personality can be measured on the extroversion scale and neuroticism scale
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11
Q

Van Houtte and Jarvis (1995)

A

-Procedure: A sample of 130 students from Illinois were separated into those who owned pets and those who didn’t then matched on 3 conditions; 1) marital status of parents, 2) socio-economic status of parents & 3) number of siblings.
Data was collected through 4 point scales measuring: 1) autonomy, 2) self-concept, 3) self-esteem and 4) attachment to animals
-Results: Higher self-esteem in pet owners, higher autonomy in pet owners & 11 year old pet owners have improved self-concept
-Conclusion: pets have their greatest impact on children’s lives as they move through adolescence

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12
Q

Van Houtte and Jarvis (1995) evaluation (3)

A
  1. Issues with self-report questionnaires, such as falsifications causing invalidity
  2. Quantitative data may not be appropriate when dealing with complex emotional issues; reductionist
  3. Unrepresentative sample (cultural bias, only one age group)
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13
Q

TS Applications of research:

Counselling (2)

A

Counselling for clients with depression-

  1. Avoids giving instructions and just shows that they understand what the client is feeling, and so is giving UCR to boost their self-esteem
  2. Believes that the client has the capability to move forward, showing that they have free will
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