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Flashcards in The Learning Approach Deck (14)
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1
Q

What is the behaviourist approach?

A

A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable and in terms of learning

2
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

Learning by association - two stimuli repeatedly put together - unconditioned stimulus as a new neutral stimulus

3
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

Form of learning in which behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences

4
Q

Why did Watson reject introspection?

A

Involved too many concepts that were big and difficult to measure

5
Q

What did they use in their research?

A

Animals

6
Q

Who demonstrated classical conditioning?

A

Pavlov through dogs

7
Q

What did Pavlov reveal?

A

Dogs could be conditioned to salivate to the sound of a bell if that sound was repeatedly presented when giving food

8
Q

What did the dogs in Pavlov lead to associate?

A

The sound of the bell with food - would produce saliva every time they heard a bell

9
Q

What did skinner 1953 suggest?

A

That learning is an active process whereby humans and animals operate on their environment

10
Q

What are the three consequences in operant conditioning?

A
  1. Positive reinforcement
  2. Negative reinforcement
  3. Punishment
11
Q

What does punishment and reinforcement increase the likelihood of?

A

That behaviour will be repeated

12
Q

What did skinner conduct experiments on with the Skinner box?

A

Rats/pigeons - every time the rat activated the lever in the box it was rewarded with a food plate

13
Q

What did skinner show?

A

rats could be conditioned to perform the same behaviour

14
Q

What is the behaviourist approach only focused on?

A

Studying behaviour that can be observed and measured