The Kidney and Urinary Tract Flashcards Preview

LSS 2 - Urinary - Laz > The Kidney and Urinary Tract > Flashcards

Flashcards in The Kidney and Urinary Tract Deck (13)
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1
Q

What drives ultrafiltration?

A

Blood pressure

2
Q

What are the kidneys encased in?

A

Capsule

3
Q

Where does each lobe of the kidney drain to?

A

Minor Calyx

4
Q

What do minor calyces form?

A

What do minor calyces form?

Major Calyx

5
Q

What do major calyces enter into?

A

Renal Pelvis

6
Q

How is the kidney formed embryologically?

A

It is formed from 10 or so kidney like units

7
Q

How does fluid move through the ureters?

A

Peristalsis

8
Q

Describe the epithelium in the kidneys and state its functions.

A

Urothelium/Transitional Epithelium
It has three layers of epithelium with the epithelial layer facing the urine having high-resistance tight junctions so you minimise trans-epithelial exchange (so you don’t undo the work of the kidneys).
The pleated borders of the urothelial cells allow extensive unfolding when the bladder fills with urine.

9
Q

Where is the bladder located?

A

Below the pelvic peritoneum and it doesn’t usually rise much above the pubic symphysis.

10
Q

What latin word describes things related to the urinary bladder?

A

Vesical

11
Q

How is the urethra different in males compared to females?

A

The urethra in males is much longer. In females the urethra opens in the vestibule of the vagina (the space between the labia minora)

12
Q

What is the reflex that leads to contraction of the bladder smooth muscle and relaxation of the bladder’s smooth muscle sphincter?

A

Sacral Parasympathetic Reflex

13
Q

If we decide to urinate, it leads to voluntary relaxation via the reduced stimulation of which nerves?

A

Pudendal Nerve