The East before the crusade Flashcards

1
Q

What were Tutush’s sons called?

A

Ridwan of Aleppo and Duqaq of Damascus

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2
Q

Who was Malik Shah’s brother?

A

Tutush

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3
Q

Who was Sulayman’s son?

A

Kilij Arslan

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4
Q

Why was military strength important for the Sunni Seljuk Turks?

A

They were at odds with most of their people on religious grounds, as the majority of people were Shi’a muslims

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5
Q

What were the two rival Muslim power bases on the eve of the first crusade?

A

The Umayyad dynasty and the Abbasid dynasty

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6
Q

When was the Battle of Manzikert?

A

1071

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7
Q

What were the three threats faced by the Byzantine Empire in the 1070s?

A

The Normans, the Pechenegs, and the Seljuk Turks

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8
Q

What intensified the threats faced by the Byzantines?

A

The Battle of Manzikert (1071)

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9
Q

At what council did Alexius I call for help?

A

The Council of Piacenza

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10
Q

What was the Schism?

A

The term used to describe the split between the Catholic Church and the Greek Orthodox Church in 1054 over Church doctrine and the Filioque Controversy

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11
Q

When did Malik Shah die?

A

1092

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12
Q

In what year were the Byzantines defeated at the Battle of Manzikert and which emperor was in charge?

A

1071; Romanos IV Diogenes

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13
Q

Give one effect of the loss at the Battle of Manzikert

A

Mass migration, Most of Anatolia lost, lack of manpower in the fields, conscription

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14
Q

How did Alexios Komnenos take power?

A

Marched on the city of Constantinople, pillages the elites and placed emperor in a monastery

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15
Q

When and where were the Pechenegs defeated?

A

1091 at Lebounion Hill

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16
Q

How did Alexius I deal with the Seljuk threat and why did this end?

A

Negotiated with Sulayman; he died in 1090, and Malik Shah died in 1092

17
Q

What was the Byzantine contribution at the Siege of Nicaea?

A

Boutoumites and Taticius with 2000 troops, launched supplies. Negotiated surrender

18
Q

What did the Byzantine Empire get out of the First Crusade?

A

Southern Anatolian coast

19
Q

What action did Bohemond take against the Byzantines between 1105 and 1107?

A

Attacked Durazzo