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Flashcards in The Crusades Deck (23)
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1
Q

Where did the first battle of the first crusade occur?

A

Nicea

2
Q

Who won the battle of Nicea?

A

The Crusaders

3
Q

Which King was leader of the Turks at Nicea?

A

King Arslan

4
Q

Who was King Arslan fighting when the battle of Nicea started?

A

Danishmend

5
Q

Who does King Arslan make an alliance with before the battle of Nicea ends?

A

Danishmend

6
Q

King Arslan finally makes his way back to Nicea with morale running high. He approaches a clearing from the mountainous forest ahead, but what happens?

A

Knights are laying in wait with maces, swords and battle axes and surprise the enemy before cutting off their heads and killing them.

7
Q

Nicea is finally won and taken over. But by who?

A

Emperor Alexis

8
Q

The crusaders cannot breach the walls of Nicea. They plan to starve the city, however, they find it difficult. Why?

A

The city had its own water gates and could receive supplies from the seas.

9
Q

How did they solve the problem of the Nicea water gates?

A

Emperor Alexis marched his ships over land and created a blockade of the water ways.

10
Q

Where did the crusaders win their second major victory?

A

Dorylaeum

11
Q

Why was Dorylaeum so significant?

A

Because the crusaders had fended a huge surprise assault where they were massively outnumbered.

12
Q

Why did the Turks have the advantage?

A

They knew the land and the geography and so had the height advantage, as well as being able to easily predict where the crusaders were going to go.

13
Q

How many did the Turks outnumber the crusaders by at Dorylaeum?

A

360,000 - 30,000

14
Q

Who captured Krak De Chevalier? (not the castle)

A

Baldwin

15
Q

Why was Venice so important in the 4th crusade?

A

Venice was a hugely wealthy city that the crusaders used to transport them across the Mediterranean, but the crusaders could not pay and so would instead take the Byzantine port of Zara for the payment.

16
Q

Who sent the 4th crusade?

A

Pope Innocent III

17
Q

Who sent the third crusade?

A

Pope Gregory VIII

18
Q

Why was the third crusade sent?

A

Between the second and third crusade, Saladin had drawn a huge army and was marching on crusader states. Guy had to march the armies of Jerusalem out to meet the armies of Saladin in order to avoid being a hypocrite. The march was a disaster and the crusaders were low on water. They then fought at Hattin, unrested and dehydrated, they lost. This then led to Saladin marching upon Jerusalem, before Balian gave a half-hearted defense and surrendered the city.

19
Q

Who were the main leaders of the third crusade?

A

King Richard the Lionheart, King Phillip of France and Frederick Barbarossa.

20
Q

When was the Battle of Manzikert?

A

1071

21
Q

Who were the leaders in the first crusade?

A

Hugh, Godfrey, Robert, Raymond IV, Bohemond.

22
Q

When was the Battle of Acre?

A

July 12, 1191.

23
Q

what were the weaknesses of Edessa?

A

Edessa was a hugely fought over city and was bordering Byzantine, crusader states and the Muslim states. This meant that it had to cover and watch a huge amount of terrain and long borders. Edessa also controlled a huge amount of land, while being a relatively small city, with a relatively small population compared to the land that Edessa covered.