The course of the second crusade Flashcards

1
Q

What was the name of the papal bull released on December 1st, 1145?

A

Quantum Praedecessores

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2
Q

Other than Outremer, where else were crusaders sent during the second crusade?

A

The Baltic to convert Pagans and to the Iberian Peninsula to continue the Reconquista against the Muslims of Spain

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3
Q

How did the Crusaders travel and why?

A

They travelled by foot to walk in the footsteps of crusading superheroes

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4
Q

What happened after Conrad passed through Hungary?

A

His troops had skirmishes with Greek troops, which lead to ill-feeling between Conrad and Manuel

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5
Q

Where did Conrad camp when he reached Constantinople and what happened there?

A

Choirobacchoi; the plains flooded and devastated Conrad’s army, destroying men and supplies

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6
Q

What did Conrad decide after the disaster of Choirobacchoi?

A

Not to wait for Louis and push into Anatolia alone

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7
Q

What hampered Conrad’s progress through Anatolia and what did this result in?

A

Seljuk mounted archers harassed them and it took longer than anticipated to cross Anatolia, prompting him to turn back to Nicaea (on his way there Conrad was injured)

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8
Q

Where did Louis’ army get separated and attacked by the Seljuk Turks?

A

The Cadmus Mountains

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9
Q

Who did Louis hand conrol of his army to, why and what did they do?

A

The Templars; he had suffered significant losses in the Cadmus Mountains. They were able to win several skirmishes against the Turks

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10
Q

When did Louis reach Antioch?

A

March 1148

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11
Q

What relation was Raymond of Antioch to Louis?

A

Uncle-in-law

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12
Q

Why did Raymond want Louis’ help capturing Aleppo?

A

Raymond had agreed with Manuel that he could have Antioch back if Manuel captured Aleppo for him. If Raymond could take Aleppo without Manuel’s help he would be in a strong position to break free from him

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13
Q

Why wouldn’t Louis help Raymond capture Aleppo?

A

He was intent on reaching Jerusalem; an attempt on Aleppo would be a precursor to an attempt on Edessa but Edessa was no longer a viable target and capturing Aleppo would only increase Manuel’s power in Louis’ eyes; it was thought Eleanor was having an affair with Raymond (her uncle)

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14
Q

Where was the decision to take Damascus made?

A

The Council at Palmarea

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15
Q

What were the three other targets of the crusaders and why didn’t they choose them?

A

Aleppo (this would put Aleppo back in Byzantine hands), Ascalon (this threat had been neutralised by the construction of three castles by Fulk), and Edessa (Without taking Aleppo Edessa was too difficult and Zengi had rebuilt the fortifications)

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16
Q

Why did the crusaders choose Damascus as their first target?

A

Between the two crusades, Damascus had launched attacks on the Frankish states and the peace treaty between Unur and the Franks had ceased to exist and Unur had made terms with Nureddin, posing a threat to Jerusalem

17
Q

When did the siege of Damascus begin?

A

July 1148

18
Q

What happened during the siege of Damascus?

A

The siege began to the West and Southwest and good progress was made through the orchards, but for unknown reasons, the Crusaders moved to a different side where they had no access to food or water. They withdrew after four days

19
Q

Who did Conrad believe was to blame for the failure of the second crusade?

A

The Frankish nobility; Thierry of Flanders was supposed to hold Damascus on its capture, something the nobles were unhappy with