What is the Consensus Formula?
TBSA x weight (kg) x 2 to 4 mL/kg
Rule of Nines
Head: 9% Anterior Chest:9% Abdomen: 9% Posterior Chest: 9% Arms: 9% each arm Legs: 18% each leg Genitals: 1%
What is the normal range for Calcium?
9.0-10.5
What is the normal range for Chloride?
98-106
What is the normal range for Potassium?
3.5-5.0
What is the normal range for Sodium?
136-145
What is the formula for MAP?
MAP= 2 x Diastolic + Systolic / 3
What is the formula for CPP?
CPP= MAP-ICP
What is the normal range for arterial pH?
7.35-7.45
What is the normal range for arterial PaO2?
80-100 mmHg
What is the normal range for arterial PaCO2?
35-45 mmHg
Normal PaO2 value?
80-100
What is Gay-Lussacs Law?
The pressure of a gas of fixed mass and volume is directly proportional to the gas’ absolute temperature. (i.e. In the morning the O2 tank reads lower than in the afternoon after its been heated by the sun.)
What is Charles’ Law?
The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature, when the pressure remains constant.
What is the Oxygen Adjustment Equation?
% of starting FiO2 x Current barometric pressure in mmHg / destination barometric pressure in mmHg.
The pressure of a gas of fixed mass and volume is directly proportional to the gas’ absolute temperature. (i.e. In the morning the O2 tank reads lower than in the afternoon after its been heated by the sun.)
Gay-Lussac’s Law
The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature, when the pressure remains constant.
Charles’ Law
What is Minute Ventilation?
Volume of gas inhaled or exhaled from the lungs in one minute.
What is the calculation for Minute Ventilation (Ve)?
Respiratory rate x Tidal volume
Is vecuronium a depolarizing or non-depolarizing agent?
Non-depolarizing
What is the onset of Vecuronium?
2 to 3 minutes
What is a classic radiological finding (x-ray) of emphysema?
Low, Flattened diaphragm
What is the most common cause of pneumonia? -Bacterial -Fungal -Viral -Aspiration
Bacterial
What is hypothermia going to cause the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve going to do?
Shift to the left
What is an S3 heart sound indicative of?
Congestive heart Failure
What is normal pH range?
7.35 - 7.45
What is the most common cause of left sided heart failure?
Hypertension
What is the most common cause of right sided heart failure?
Left sided heart failure
What is normal ejection fraction?
55% - 75%
What percentage of ejection fraction represents heart failure?
40%
What are the three different types of Distributive Shock?
-Septic -Anaphylactic -Neurogenic
What are the indications for Hemodynamic Monitoring?
-Decreased cardiac output -MI, CHF,
What can cause a decrease in preload?
-Vasodilatation -Hypovolemia -Loss of atrial kick -Increased HR -Stiff ventricle -Increased intrathoracic pressures
What is normal systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?
700-1500 dynes/sec/cm
What meds can be used to increase afterload?
-Levophed -Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) -Dopamine -Vasopressin
What medication will work to increase afterload in a patient who is acidotic?
Vasopressin
SvO2 is an early indicator of what?
Alterations in hemodynamic status
Where should the tip of the IABP catheter be located?
The 2nd intercostal space
What are the biggest benefits of an IABP?
-Increases coronary artery perfusion. -Decreases SVR.
What is the physiologic zone?
Sea level - 10,000 ft
What is the physiological deficient zone?
10,000 - 50,000 ft
What is the space equivalent zone?
50,000 - 250,000 ft
What is the time of useful consciousness at 30,000 ft?
90 seconds
What is the time of useful consciousness at 35,000 ft?
30-60 seconds
When is barotitis media going to affect you? Ascent or descent
Descent
Who’s your Daddy?
Me, I’m your Daddy… Deal with it.
How often does an aircraft have to report a position while in flight?
Every 15 minutes
What is the emergency frequency?
121.5
In what order do you shut down the aircraft in an emergency situation?
Throttle, Fuel, Battery
What are the daytime weather minimums for VFR Flight?
800 feet ; 3 miles
What are the night time minimums for VFR Flight?
1000 feet ; 3 miles
How much space should be between your skin and the flight suit?
1/4 inch
What type of LaForte fracture can cause a CSF leak?
LaForte III
What are the 6 P’s for Compartment Syndrome?
- Pulselessness
- Pressure
- Pain
- Pallor
- Paresthesia
- Paralysis
What is the normal value for WBC’s?
5,000 - 10,000
Define Leukopenia
WBC <4,000
Define Leukocytosis
WBC >11,000
Where is the tip of the catheter?
Right Atrium
Where is the tip of the catheter?
Right Ventricle
Where is the tip of the catheter?
Pulmonary Artery
Where is the tip of the catheter?
Pulmonary Capillary Bed
What is normal ICP?
0 to 10 mmHg
What is the most common cause of maternal death?
Pulmonary Embolism
In pregnancy what blood pressure is considered hypertensive?
140/90
What is baseline fetal heart rate?
120-160
What is the fluid bolus requirement for neonates?
10 mL/kg
What is the fluid bolus requirement for children?
20 mL/kg