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Flashcards in Test questions 2 Deck (40)
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1
Q

what is located on the anterior region of the body

A

patella

2
Q

what pair of common anatomical terms is mismatched

A

inguinal/foot. (inguinal is groin)

3
Q

what organelle is not involved in synthesis or packaging of proteins

A

lysosomes

4
Q

what type of tissue functions as a protective barrier

A

epithelial tissue

5
Q

in anatomical position, the body is

A

upright, arms at the sides, palms facing anterior

6
Q

the skin is ___ to the bones

A

superficial

7
Q

correct sequence of the path of air from the upper to lower respiratory tract

A

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

8
Q

surface tension of the alveolar fluid is reduced by the secretion of ___ by lung cells

A

surfactant

9
Q

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs across the alveolar membrane by the process of

A

diffusion

10
Q

contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles results in

A

a decrease in alveolar pressure

11
Q

lung cancer causes what type of compliance

A

low

12
Q

what condition causes the highest compliance

A

emphysema

13
Q

what parts of the upper respiratory tract is a shared pathway for both food and air

A

pharynx

14
Q

what prevents food from entering the air passage

A

epiglottis

15
Q

gas exchange between the blood and the alveoli would be compromised by an increase in

A

membrane thickness

16
Q

what happens normal expiration

A

the diaphragm and external intercostal muscle relax and the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, while the pressure within it increases. As a result, the lungs contract and air is forced out.

17
Q

what happens in a normal inhalation

A

your diaphragm contracts and moves downward. This increases the space in your chest cavity, and your lungs expand into it. The muscles between your ribs also help enlarge the chest cavity. They contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale.

18
Q

when someone continuously holds his breath, eventually he will

A

automatically start to breath when the CO2 levels in the blood reach a high enough level

19
Q

erythrocytes of the blood

A

transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide

20
Q

what 2 vessels carry deoxygenated blood

A

pulmonary arteries and vena cava

21
Q

the arteries are thicker and more elastic than the veins because

A

arteries are under greater pressure

22
Q

a blood pressure might read 120/70. What is the highest number and what does it signify the heart is doing

A

systole and is the phase when the heart is contracting

23
Q

what is function of lymphatic tissue

A

collect excess fluid, immune response, filtration of interstitial fluid

24
Q

what is the consequence of increased hemoglobin in the blood

A

increased ability of the blood to carry oxygen to the tissues

25
Q

oxygenated blood passes through

A

bicuspid / mitral and aortic valves

26
Q

order of vessels a red blood cell would follow after leaving the left ventricle

A

artery, arteriole, capillary venule vein

27
Q

woman has a mastectomy, and left axillary lymph nodes, what is the consequence

A

affected lymph drainage in the left arm

28
Q

what does the colon do

A

absorption of water and vitamins

29
Q

what moves the bolus down the esophagus to the stomach

A

peristalsis

30
Q

the villi, microvilli and rugae function to ____

A

increase the surface area for absorption. Villi are small hair like projections in your small intestine to increase surface area to maximize nutrient absorption in the small intestine. Microvilli are even smaller hair found on villi which increase the surface area even MORE!
Once the chyme (food + gastric juice) comes out of the pyloric sphincter (entrance from stomach to small intestine), it meets the first part of the small intestine which is the duodenum and then the jejunum and the ileum. The duodenum is the shortest and the ileum is the longest.

31
Q

failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to close could result

A

gastric reflux

32
Q

what is associated with the large intestine

A

convert food into feces, absorbing essential vitamins produced by gut bacteria, and reclaiming water from feces. A slurry of digested food, known as chyme, enters the large intestine from the small intestine via the ileocecal sphincter.

33
Q

purpose of the pancreatic juice is

A

breaks down fats, starches, neutralizes acidic chyme

34
Q

Gall bladder secretes

A

Bile

35
Q

Protein digestion begins in the ___ and ends in the ___

A

Stomach / small intestines

36
Q

Pancreas secretes

A

Amylase for starch digestion

37
Q

Stomach secretes

A

Pepsinogen for protein digestion

38
Q

Liver secretes

A

Bile for emulsion of fats

39
Q

Which organ has both endocrine and digestive functions

A

Pancreas

40
Q

Inability of the pyloric sphincter to open would prevent

A

Food from moving from the stomach to the small intestine the duodenum