Test 3: Mass Media Flashcards

1
Q

MASS MEDIA

A

help us forge identities, notions of gender, sense of class, of ethnicity and race, of nationality, of sexuality
•Important source of knowledge

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2
Q

MASS MEDIA

A

help shape vision of the world, our values, how we think, how we feel, what we believe, what we fear, how we should behave

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3
Q

Mass Media Defined

A

print, radio, television, and other computer-mediated communication technologies
-“Mass” implies the media reach many people

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4
Q

Mass Media Defined

A

Media signifies communication not directly face-to-face interaction, but tech intervenes/mediates in transmitting messages from senders to receivers
•One Way: 1 producer + mass of consumers

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5
Q

Mass Media Defined

A

Communication via mass media is usually one-way, or at least one-sided (although internet and social media are an example of two-way communication)
•CMC: Comp mediated communication – tablets, cellphones, laptop

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6
Q

Media literacy

A

ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of forms

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7
Q

History of Mass Media

A

Harold Adams Innis & Marshall McLuhan - Each type fosters different social perceptions, interactions, institutional arrangements
•Printing Press: Cheaper to make, more ppl able to read, don’t have to rewrite books

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8
Q

Why the Mass Media Grew

A
  • Protestant Reformation promoted literacy
  • Democratic movements promoted mass involvement: wanting to get more info because suddenly they had a say in policies
  • Capitalist industrialization promoted the search for profit: not for public good
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9
Q

Functionalist

A

Mass media perform important functions

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10
Q

Surveillance

A

what is happening in the world
We hear about a small portion of what’s going on around the world more
oInternet allows us to seek sources of info that covers it better

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11
Q

Interpretation

A

selection of stories and tell us how we should respond

oSynthesize, summarize, interpret what’s important

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12
Q

socialization

A

Act as agent

•How we get norms + values, how to behave, how to be good citizens

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13
Q

entertainment

A

-for fun

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14
Q

Conflict/Critical

A

institutions + processes cannot be understood from viewpoint of society as a whole
need to be understood from that of unequal and conflicting groups and classes

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15
Q

Conflict/Critical

A
  • Passes on some ideology more, not all views represented

* Selective process, chooses to present dominant ideology

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16
Q

Political Economy

A

Mass media favour interests of dominant classes + political groups
dominant classes + political groups benefit disproportionately from mass media

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17
Q

Mass media broadcast beliefs, values, and ideas

A

create widespread acceptance of basic structure of society, including its injustices and inequalities (dominant ideology and hegemony)

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18
Q

Ownership of mass media

A

highly concentrated in hands of small number of people and is highly profitable for them (CTVGlobeMedia, Rogers, Shaw)
•Fewer and fewer companies own media
oOverwhelming on all media
oThey don’t want anything that critiques them + creates instability for the norm

19
Q

Consequences of Media Concentration

A

i. Deprives the public of independent sources of information
ii. Limits diversity of opinion
iii. Encourages the public to accept their society as it is

20
Q

TELEVISION: ECONOMY, CULTURE, A IDENTITY

A

Canadian tv dominated by American tv
•Cultural imperialism: a society’s media exert influence over another society’s culture
•Canadians prefer domestic news and public affairs programming
•American lifestyle, norms, values
•Can be hard to find alternatives
•CRTC: force comps to have some sort of Canadian content

21
Q

NEWS AND DOMINANT IDEOLOGY

A

News media: One of principle sources of information about social reality
•More news you watch, the more you feel it’s more dangerous than ever
•Reinforcing dominant definitions of what is normal + desirable

22
Q

Feminist

A

Representation, misrepresentation + under representation of women + other minorities
•We need to be concerned with mass media representation
•Advertisement works: we spend billions

23
Q

Interpretive

A

way audiences filter + interpret mass media messages in context of own interests, experiences, and values
•Variations in how we interpret content

24
Q

Two-step flow of communication

A

occurs between mass media + audience

i. Respected ppl evaluating media messages
ii. members of community being influenced to varying degrees by these opinion leaders

25
Q

Two-step flow of communication

A

opinion leaders filter media messages, not just opinion leaders anymore
intermediary, more ppl watching commentary
•More and more is not just the original product, all this filtering by others

26
Q

INTERACTIVE MEDIA

A

Interactive media: Communications flow back + forth
people exchange roles with one another in transmission + reception of communication (social networking)
• Forms of computer-mediated communication (CMC)

27
Q

INTERACTIVE MEDIA

A

New interactive technologies more accessible, creating more complex communications environment that mediates role + tempers impact any single medium can have at home, work, or school
•Public has more and more of a say in the content
•Any research on social media released later on could be irrelevant by the time research

28
Q

CANADIAN INTERNET USE

A

-increasing, more than US

29
Q

SOCIAL MEDIA vs TRADITIONAL MEDIA

A

-Almost everywhere all the time
•Network
-hybridity

30
Q

Hybridity

A

enable integration of new and old technologies

Able to use multiple media at the same time

31
Q

Networked and Nonlinear

A

many-to-many connectivity

more like spider web, more connections

32
Q

Interactive

A

content is user-generated and continually modified

33
Q

TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA

A
  1. Social Network Sites–create personal profiles, establish list of people they are connected to + share info (Facebook)
  2. Virtual Worlds – Virtual game environments (World of Warcraft)
34
Q

TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA

A
  1. Blogs and microblogs – Online journals or short status updates (Twitter)
  2. Collective projects – ppl participate in the joint creation of content (Wikipedia)
  3. Online content communities – Services that allow people to share media, photos, videos (YouTube)
35
Q

Web 2.0

A

encourages users to be digital collaborators:
build web pages and blogs, creating content, uploading on YouTube, editing Wiki
•Audience is much less passive than in traditional media

36
Q

Web 2.0

A
  • tools of production to audience

* users, consumers, audiences, take on hybrid role as producers

37
Q

Web 2.0

A

2 way mode of communication & two step flow of communication: ‘likes’, tagging, trending topics, YouTube hits->consumption patterns of others operate as a point of social reference for how we consume media

38
Q

Web 2.0

A

Henry Jenkins argues participatory media culture changed the face of literacy, shifting it from individual expression to community involvement
•Recommendations

39
Q

SOCIAL ACTIVISM 2.0

A
  1. People use social media for awareness or advocacy purposes
40
Q

SOCIAL ACTIVISM 2.0

A
  1. Social media to organize and mobilize others for political action
    •#BellLetsTalk
    •info readily available about protests
41
Q

Social Media

A

In real life (IRL) vs virtual/online world
provides new possibilities for socializing online
Virtual communities embedded in our everyday real worlds + offline social lives
Groups established online are often extensions of offline sociability + enhance it

42
Q

Digital Divide

A

rapid Internet growth, but still considerable inequality in access and use
•In Canada, richer, better educated, urban + younger most likely to enjoy Internet access
•Access related to race and ethnicity more in USA than in Canada

43
Q

Digital Divide

A
  • Internet access not evenly distributed globally

* Dominated linguistically by English, technologically and culturally by the U.S.