What is a structural Isomer?
same molecular formula and different structural formula
What is a stereoisomer?
same molecular formula, same structural formula but diferent in 3D arrangment
What is it called when it has a nonsuperimposiable mirror images of each other?
Chiral
What is an object with a super imposible mirror image like stretchy gloves?
Achiral
Can carbons that have double or triple bonds be chiral?
no
A wedge indicates a atom pointing which way
towards you
A dash indicates a atom pointing which way
away from you
What is an enantiomer
molecules that are nonsuperimposible mirror images
What do enantiomers differ in?
Same melting point, density and solubility but differ in biological activity
Carboxylic acids are made from what
oxidation of an aldehyde
Esters are formed by what
the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol
WHats the ending for a carboxylic acid
anoic acid
the ending of a ester
yl and then anoate
The melting point order of alcohol, aldehydes/ketones, alkane group, carboxylic acid and ethers, esters
Carboxylic acid, alcohol, aldehydes/ketones, ester, ethers and alkane group
WHat is hydrolysis?
breaking up a compound using water
WHat is acid hydrolysis of an ester include?
ester + H2O –> Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid
What does base hydrolysis of an ester include?
ester + H2O –> Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid Salt
Is carboxylic acid soluble in H2O?
yes
Can carb acid Hbond with water
yes
Can an ester hbond with itself
no
Can an ester hbond with water
yes
is an ester soluble in water
yes if 4-5 carbons
Are COOH salts solid at room temp
yes
Are COOH salts soluble in H2O
yes
What is a nitrogen that has 1,2, or 3 carbon groups attached
amine
What is a carboxylic group bonded to a N
amide
Can a Amine Hbond with itself
yes for primary and secondary
How many hbonds can a primary amine have
3
How many hbonds can a secondary amine have
2
How many hbonds can a tertiary amine have
0
Rank the amines by high bp
primary, secondary, tertiary
Can amines Hbond with water
yes
Are amines soluble in water
yes if six or fewer carbons
Are amine salts soluble in water
yes
What are amides made from?
a carboxylic acid and amines