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Flashcards in Test 3 Deck (24)
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1
Q

Acute glomerulonephritis : S/S

A
  1. hematuria
  2. facial edema
  3. fluid overload
  4. SOB
  5. proteinuria
2
Q

Acute glomerulonephritis : DX

A
  1. GFR - glomerular filtration rate

2. ASO titer - strep bacteria blood testing

3
Q

Acute glomerulonephritis : TX

A
  1. antibiotics
  2. prevention of complications
  3. dialysis
4
Q

Chronic glomerulonephritis : S/S

A
  1. Hypertension
  2. Fatigue
  3. Occasional edema
5
Q

Chronic glomerulonephritis: DX

A
  1. U/A (urinalysis)

2. decreased kidney function

6
Q

Chronic glomerulonephritis: TX

A
  1. diet + drug therapy management of hyperphosphatemia/ kalemia
  2. Amphogel - phosphate binder
7
Q

Acute pyelonephritis: S/S

A
  1. flank/back pain
  2. fever
  3. N/V
  4. burning
  5. urgency
  6. costovertebral tenderness
8
Q

Acute pyelonephritis: DX

A

U/A ( WBSs, C&S - culture and sensitivity)

9
Q

Acute pyelonephritis: TX

A
  1. Antibiotics

2. Fluid intake

10
Q

Chronic pyelonephritis: S/S

A
  1. Hypertension
  2. Na excretion
  3. Nocturia
11
Q

Chronic pyelonephritis: DX

A

same as acute + KUB ( scarring, atrophy)

12
Q

Chronic pyelonephritis: TX

A
  1. nephrectomy

2. pyelolithotomy ( camera - pelvis)

13
Q

Urinary calculi - Urolithiasis

A

presence of calculi (stones) in the urinary tract

14
Q

Urinary calculi : Patient care

A
  1. finish antibiotics ( prevent UTI)
  2. depending on the type of stones you had - diet may be restricted
  3. drink at least 3 L of fluid a day to dilute potentially stone-forming crystals;
  4. monitor urine pH ( 3 times a day)
15
Q

Stress incontinence

A

most common type; loss of small amounts of urine during coughing, sneezing, jogging or lifting ; patients cannot tighten urethra sufficiently to overcome the increased detrusor pressure.

16
Q

Urge incontinenece

A

perception of an urgent need to urinate as a result of bladder contractions regardless of the volume of urine in the bladder; often leak large amounts of urine at this time.

17
Q

Mixed incontinence

A

combination of urge, stress and overflow incontinence

18
Q

Overflow incontinence

A

occurs when the detrusor muscle fails to contract and the bladder become overdistended ; some urine must leak out to prevent bladder rupture

19
Q

Functional incontinence

A

result of factor other than the abnormal function of the bladder and urethra ; E: loss of cognitive function in dementia patients.

20
Q

Amphojel

A

Aluminum hydroxide gel ; phosphate binder; lower serum phosphate levels by binding phosphorus present in food - high P cause hypocalcemia and osteodystrophy; take with meals, separate from Digoxin 2 hr; take stool softener, watch for hypophosphatemia : muscle weakness, slow or irregular pulse, confusion.

21
Q

Bactrim

A

sulfonamides; reduces bacteria in the urinary tract by direct killing and by inhibiting bacterial reproduction; sulfa allergies ?; full glass of water with each dose, 3L daily; keep out of the sun; complete drug regimen even if symptoms disappear.

22
Q

Cipro

A

quinolones ; reduce bacteria in the urinary tract by direct killing and inhibiting bacterial reproduction ; do not crush or chew; 2 hr within taking antacid; take pulse - cardiac dysrythmias; keep out of the sun ; complete regimen.

23
Q

Pyridium

A

bladder analgesic; reduces bladder pain and burning on urination; will not treat , just relieve symptoms; take with food - reduces GI disturbance; urine will turn red or orange.

24
Q

Procrit

A

epoetin alfa; synthetic erythropoietin ; prevents anemia by stimulating RBC growth and maturation in the bone marrow.; Report: chest pain, difficulty breathing , high BP, rapid weigh gain, seizures, skin rush, swelling of feet and ankles - Risk for MI; Monitor hemoglobin- increase in blood viscosity - race BP- increasing risk for MI