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Pediatric Dentistry I 2020 > Test 2: Periodontal diagnosis and therapy in pediatric dentistry > Flashcards

Test 2: Periodontal diagnosis and therapy in pediatric dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two best materials to use in pedo pulp therapy?

A
  • Formacresol

- MTA (maintain vitality)

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2
Q

When does primary herpetic gingivostomatitis usually occur?

A

-Children younger than 6

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3
Q

How is primary herpetic gingivostomatitis transmitted?

A

-Direct contact

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4
Q

T/F Primary infection of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is asymptomatic

A

True

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5
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is found where?

A
  • Hard palate
  • Attached gingiva
  • Oral mucosa
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6
Q

With primary herpetic gingivostomatitis what type of lymphadenopathy do you see?

A

-Cervical lymphadenopathy

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7
Q

T/F Fevers of 101-105 are associated with primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

True

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8
Q

What is the length of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?

A

-7-10 days

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9
Q

What medicine can you give for severe cases of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?

A

-Acyclovir (200 mg daily for 5 days)

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10
Q

What is recurrent aphthous ulcers?

A

-Painful and recurrent ulceration on unattached oral mucosa

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11
Q

What is the treatment for recurrent aphthous ulcers?

A
  • Topical corticosteroid triamcinolone

- nutritional diet and maintenance of oral hygiene

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12
Q

What are types of acute candidiasis?

A
  • Pseudomembranous

- Erythmatous

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13
Q

What do you use for treat candidiasis?

A
  • Nystatin (for infants and very young children, 1ml dropped into mouth 4x per day)
  • Clotrimazole lozenge (10 mg)
  • Systemic fluconazole suspension (6 mg/kg body weight)
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14
Q

What is eruption gingivitis?

A

-Gingivitis associated with tooth eruption

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15
Q

What is the treatment for eruption gingivitis?

A
  • Time
  • improved oral hygiene
  • Chlorhexidine rinses
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16
Q

What is acute inflammatory gingival enlargement?

A

-A localized painful rapidly expanding lesion that is usually of sudden onset

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17
Q

What causes acute inflammatory gingival enlargement?

A

-Irritation from foreign substance embedded into gingiva

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18
Q

Where is acute inflammatory gingival enlargement limited to?

A
  • Marginal gingiva

- Interdental papillae

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19
Q

What is the interdental area like in children?

A

-Saddle shaped gingiva

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20
Q

What is the interdental area like in adults?

A

-Papillary gingiva

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21
Q

What does the gingival sulcus look like in children?

A

-Newly erupted tooth sulcus depth is greater than deciduous predecessor

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22
Q

What does the gingival sulcus look like in an adult?

A

-1-2 mm

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23
Q

What does the attached gingiva look like in children?

A

-Width increases with age with concomitant decrease in sulcus depth

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24
Q

What is the color of the gums in children?

A

-More reddish

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25
Q

What does the counter of the gums look like in children?

A

-Rounded margin

26
Q

What does the consistency of the gums like in children?

A

-Flabby due to less CT density and lack of organized collagen fiber bundles

27
Q

What is the surface texture of the gums like in children?

A

-Stippling absent until age 6

28
Q

T/F Dental plaque-induced gingival disease are very common in children

A

True

29
Q

In dental plaque-induced gingival diseases you see increased subgingival levels of what bugs?

A
  • Actinomyces
  • Capnocytophaga
  • Leptotrichia
  • Selenomonas
30
Q

What are three medicaments that have the ADA seal for control of gingivitis?

A
  • Listerine
  • Chlorhexidine
  • Triclosan
31
Q

Who is aggressive periodontitis more common in?

A
  • Children

- Adolescents

32
Q

What are the primary features of aggressive periodontitis?

A

-History of rapid attachment of bone loss with familial aggregation

33
Q

What are secondary features of aggressive periodontitis?

A
  • Phagocyte abnormalities

- Hyperresponsive macrophage phenotype

34
Q

What is the definition of Localized aggressive periodontitis?

A

-interproximal attachment loss on at least two permanent first molars and incisors with attachment loss on no more than two teeth other than first molars and incisors

35
Q

What ethnicity has a higher amount of localized aggressive periodontitis?

A

-African Americans

36
Q

What is the definition of generalized aggressive periodontitis?

A

-generalized interproximal attachment loss including at least three teeth that are not first molars and incisors

37
Q

Alterations in what factors are known to be present in aggressive periodontitis?

A

-Immunologic factors such as immunoglobulins

38
Q

What is the treatment for aggressive periodontitis?

A

-Possible combo of surgical or non-surgical root debridement in conjunction with antimicrobial therapy

39
Q

What are effective antibiotics for Localized Aggressive periodontitis?

A
  • Tetracycline
  • Metronidazole
  • Amoxicillin
40
Q

What is the definition of localized chronic periodontitis?

A

-Less than 30 percent of dentition has bone loss

41
Q

What is the definition of generalized chronic periodontitis?

A

-Greater than 30 percent of the dentition has bone loss

42
Q

What is mild chronic periodontitis?

A

1-2 mm of CAL

43
Q

What is moderate chronic periodontitis?

A

-3-4 mm of CAL

44
Q

What is severe chronic periodontitis?

A

-Greater than 5 mm CAL

45
Q

What is a disease that leads to early exfoliation of teeth?

A

-Hypophosphotasia

46
Q

When people have systemic diseases what can cause periodontitis?

A

-Defects in neutrophil and immune cell function

47
Q

What are drug types that cause gingival hyperplasia?

A
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Immunosuppressants
  • Calcium channel blocker
48
Q

How do you treat mild Drug induced gingival hyperplasia?

A

-Oral hygiene maintenance and frequent dental care

49
Q

What are findings of Necrotizing periodontal disease?

A
  • Punched out crater like interproximal necrotic ulcerations
  • Rapid onset of gingival pain
  • Sloughing of gingival tissue
50
Q

What are predisposing factors of Necrotizing periodontal disease?

A
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Viral infections
  • Nutritional deficienes such as VIt B and C
  • Emotional stress
  • Lack of sleep
  • Systemic diseases
51
Q

What is the treatment of Necrotizing periodontal disease?

A
  • Mechanical debridement
  • Metronidazole
  • Penicillin
52
Q

what is the treatment for acute inflammatory gingival enlargement caused by foreign substance embedded into gingiva?

A

removal of substance and possible incision and drainage

53
Q

what is an early finding of localized aggressive periodontitis in children?

A

bone loss around primary teeth

54
Q

what is diabetes associated periodontitis?

A
  • specific form of periodontitis associated with systemic disease
  • 10% type I diabetics w/perio often have localized periodontitis to first molars and incisors
55
Q

describe localized periodontitis associated with systemic disease

A

affected sites exhibit rapid bone loss and minimal gingival inflammation

56
Q

describe generalized periodontitis associated with systemic disease

A

rapid bone loss around nearly all teeth and marked gingival inflammation

57
Q

what is the treatment for moderate drug-induced gingival hyperplasia?

A
  • oral hygiene
  • antiplaque mouthrinse
  • 4 consecutive weekly office visits for prophylaxis
  • 5th week - eval for improvement
  • if no improvement, correct surgically
58
Q

what is the treatment for severe drug-induced gingival hyperplasia?

A
  • treatment is identical to moderate drug-induced gingival hyperplasia
  • surgical correction if above treatment is unsuccessful - gingivectomy with laser or electrosurgical equipment
59
Q

what is mild, moderate, and severe drug-induced gingival hyperplasia defined as?

A
  • mild = <1/3 of clinical crown
  • moderate = 1/3-2/3 of clinical crown
  • severe = >2/3 of clinical crown
60
Q

what is the frequency of necrotizing periodontal disease in north american and european children compared to areas of africa, asia, and south america?

A

low frequency (<1%) in north american and european children compared to others (2-5%)

Pediatric Dentistry I 2020 (12 decks)

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