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Flashcards in Test 2 Deck (39)
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1
Q

In 1928 Griffith demonstrated that an unidentified compound from killed cells of the bacterium causing blank could transform harmless bacteria into deadly ones

A

Pneumonia

2
Q

In 1944 Avery Macleod and McCarty treated solutions of this transforming principle with digestive enzymes and showed only those treated with blank lost their ability to transform bacteria

A

DNAase

3
Q

Hershey and Chase used sulfur to radioactively label blank because they knew it occurred in one of the blank and they used radioactive blank to label the backbone of DNA

A

Protein, amino acids, phosphate

4
Q

About the same time chargegoffs study of DNA showed that purine concentrations equals blank concentrations and Adenine concentrations equal blank

A

Pyrimidine and thymine

5
Q

RNA is usually blank

A

Single-stranded

6
Q

Hydrogen bonding between DNA bases determines how tightly strands are held together strands of DNA from G n C rich molecules separate at blank temperatures then strands of a or t rich DNA

A

Lower

7
Q

Elongation of new strands of both DNA and RNA move and what direction

A

5 to 3

8
Q

What enzyme denatures the DNA at the start of replication

A

DNA helicase

9
Q

The Meselson stall experiments demonstrated that each new DNA molecule is composed of blank strands

A

One old and one new

10
Q

What compound is the primer for DNA replication/actually begins it

A

RNA

11
Q

Short stretches of DNA synthesized along the lagging strand of the new DNA are called

A

Okazaki fragments

12
Q

A codon consist of blank bases

A

3

13
Q

Most amino acids are coded for by more than one codon so the code is

A

Redundant

14
Q

Each codon consist for only one type of amino acid so the code is not

A

Ambiguous

15
Q

Enzyme that seals nicks in a DNA backbone

A

DNA ligase

16
Q

Functional group that signifies and organic acid chemical formula COOH

A

Carboxyl

17
Q

Functional group that signifies an alcohol chemical formula OH

A

Hydroxyl

18
Q

Which is/are semi conservative

A

Replication

19
Q

Which requires a DNA template

A

Transcription and replication

20
Q

Which requires nucleotides

A

Transcription and replication

21
Q

Which uses only one strand of DNA at a time

A

Transcription

22
Q

Which occurs during interphase

A

None not transcription replication or translation

23
Q

Which synthesizes nucleotides

A

None not transcription replication or translation

24
Q

Which synthesizes proteins

A

Translation

25
Q

Most biological reactions are controlled by organic catalyst called enzymes although each has a different amino acid sequence called it’s blank structure the function of these organic catalyst depend on their blank structure

A

Primary, tertiary

26
Q

Each reaction requires an input of energy called blank before it will proceed

A

Activation energy

27
Q

The general term for organic molecules that bind permanently to a protein like heme with hemoglobin is

A

Prosthetic group

28
Q

The rates of enzyme catalyzed reaction are controlled by concentrations of

A

Substrate product and Enzyme

29
Q

Which contains the code for protein

A

M RNA

30
Q

Which acts as an enzyme

A

None not M RNA tRNA or rRNA

31
Q

Which has an anti-codon

A

TRNA

32
Q

Which was produced by the golgi apparatus

A

Non-not M RNA tRNA or rRNA

33
Q

Which transfers amino acids to the ribosome

A

TRNA

34
Q

Which process does not include repair replication or transcription

A

Both include repair

35
Q

Earlier and of course we discussed glycophorin A and integral transmembrane proteins what type of our groups would probably be most common in the segment of that protein that anchors it in the membrane

A

Hydrophobic/non-polar

36
Q

What types of r groups might be involved when An enzyme alters charge on the substrate by adding or subtracting hydrogen ion

A

Acidic and basic

37
Q

Why might an enzyme deform a substrate in a chemical reaction

A

Protect a reactive site

38
Q

What types of bonds are primarily responsible for stabilizing the three-dimensional structure of an Enzyme

A

Ionic hydrogen and disulfide

39
Q

Two reasons why simply adding energy to speed up a reaction would not work in a living organism

A

It would increase metabolism to break down excess fat and it would help maintain body temperature