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0
Q

Which of these groups were a part of the collision of cultures in the New World in the 15th century that gave rise to the region that we know as Latin America?
A.) Islamic, Jewish, European
B.) Islamic, European, Indigenous (Native Americans)
C.) European, Jewish, African
D.) Indigenous (Native American), Jewish, European
E.) African, European, Indigenous (Native America)
F.) All of these

A

E.) African, European, Indigenous (Native America)

1
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the modern day components of the common process of conquest, colonization, resistance and accommodation that allows us to speak of the unity of Latin America?
A.) They live in nation-states that were formed out of European legal and political traditions
B.) All of these point to a certain unity of a very diverse region known today as Latin America.
C.) They speak romance languages (Spanish, Portuguese, French)
D.) They are integrated into the capitalist system
E.) They practice varieties of Christianity, but are mostly Roman Catholic

A

B.) All of these point to a certain unity of a very diverse region known today as Latin America.

2
Q

In Mexico, Central America, and the Andean regions (Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia), there are still large numbers of _____.
A.) None of these: the groups in these areas are mostly European since they were more desirable to the Europeanized (white) elites of the regions and displaced the non-whites.
B.) Indigenous peoples, many of whom mixed with the European conquerors
C.) Descendants of Africans who were brought as slaves
D.) Middle Easterners and Asians, since these groups were preferable to the Indigenous and Africans

A

B.) Indigenous peoples, many of whom mixed with the European conquerors

3
Q
Slaves brought from Africa had a profound effect on the ethnic make up and society in \_\_\_\_\_\_. 
A.) the Caribbean and Mexico 
B.) Brazil and Central America 
C.) Brazil and Argentina 
D.) Brazil and the Caribbean 
E.) Argentina and the Caribbean
A

D.) Brazil and the Caribbean

4
Q

In the 19th and 20th centuries, peoples from the Middle East and Asia begin to emigrate to the Americas.
A.) True
B.) False

A

A.) True

5
Q
The term "Latin America" appeared for the first time in \_\_\_\_\_.
A.) 1950s
B.) 1500s
C.) None of these
D.) 1490s
E.) 1850s
A

E.) 1850s

6
Q

The most traditional definition of the term “Latin America” is a political one that includes 20 countries that gained their independence from Spain, Portugal, and France in the 19th century. The British West Indies, Guyana, Suriname, and Curaçao do NOT fit into this definition even though they were once part of the Spanish Empire.
A.) True. They are no longer part of Latin America politically.
B.) False. These are seen as part of Latin America since they were once part of colonial Latin America.

A

A.) True. They are no longer part of Latin America politically.

7
Q

Even though Latin America obviously went through tremendous social, cultural, and political upheavals in the first centuries after the conquest by the Europeans, the author feels that what we know as Latin America is still evolving. That is, it is not a static, unchanging region but rather a dynamic, shifting, and expanding area.
A.) True
B.) False

A

A.) True

8
Q

Which of these groups of cultures made up the unique cultural intersection in SPAIN in the centuries prior to the discovery of the New World?
A.) African, European, Indigenous (Native America)
B.) Islamic, Jewish, European
C.) Indigenous (Native American), Jewish, European
D.) Islamic, European, Indigenous (Native Americans)
E.) European, Jewish, African
F.) All of these

A

B.) Islamic, Jewish, European

9
Q

African slavery predates the discovery of the New World. In fact, the Europeans and Africans had traded in goods and slaves for at least a century prior to Columbus’s voyage. And the practice of slavery within the African continent itself goes back much, much further.
A.) True
B.) False

A

A.) True

10
Q

Which of the following helped propel the Europeans out of Europe and into the vast world in search of gold, glory and also allowed them to spread the gospel?
A.) The rise of the nation states
B.) a militant Christianity
C.) Western science (e.g., advances in navigation and shipbuilding)
D.) the emergence of commercial capitalism
E.) All of these were part of this process

A

E.) All of these were part of this process

11
Q
Approximately how many African slaves were brought to the New World?
A.) 1,200 - 1,500
B.) 12,000,000 - 15,000,000
C.) 1,200,000 - 1,500,000
D.) 120,000 - 150,000
E.) 12,000 - 15,000
A

B.) 12,000,000 - 15,000,000

12
Q

Millions of African slaves came to Brazil to do forced labor mainly because the Portuguese crown sought to protect the Indigenous peoples of that country. In Spanish America, however, both indigenous peoples and African slaves were forced to work the mines, fields, etc. The Spanish monarchs did not see the indigenous as human beings worthy of protection.
A.) True
B.) False

A

B.) False

13
Q

The military conquest of the core regions of Latin America was completed within a little more than a century.
A.) True
B.) False

A

A.) True

14
Q

Which of these is NOT one of the syncretic* religions in the New World? (*mixtures of Catholicism and African religions or Catholicism and Native American religions. Santería would be an example of this type of mixture.)
A.) candomblé
B.) All of these are syncretic religions
C.) macumba
D.) mestizo
E.) vodun (voodoo)

A

D.) mestizo

15
Q
The term for the offspring of Europeans and Africans was \_\_\_\_\_\_.
A.) Peninsulars
B.) Creoles
C.) Zambo
D.) Mestizo
E.) Mulatto
A

E.) Mulatto

16
Q
The term used to refer to Spaniards that were born in the New World was \_\_\_\_\_\_. These Spaniards were seen as inferior to their counterparts who were born in Spain and had comparatively very little power and prestige. 
A.) Peninsulars
B.) Zambo
C.) Mestizo
D.) Mulatto
E.) Creoles
A

E.) Creoles

17
Q
The battle between these two groups characterizes much do post-independence Latin America in the 19th century. 
A.) Liberals and Conservatives
B.) Liberals and Communists 
C.) Conservatives and Reactionaries 
D.) Liberals and Reactionaries 
E.) Reactionaries and Nationalists
A

A.) Liberals and Conservatives

18
Q
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ were the 19th century group that looked back to Spain and Portugal for guidance after Latin America achieved independence from Spain. They hoped for a strong, centralized government, the continuing influence of the Catholic Church, and an unchanging social order. 
A.) Nationalists
B.) Reactionaries
C.) Liberals
D.) Communists 
E.) None of these
A

E.) None of these

19
Q

Mexico had 50 presidents, 3 foreign invasions, and lost half of its national territory between the 1820s and the 1870s.
A.) True
B.) False

A

A.) True

20
Q

Liberals gained control of much of Latin America in ____. This period as called “The Second Conquest” in the text. During this time, the production of cash crops and the extraction of raw materials expanded and the construction of railroads, telegraph lines, and the expansion of shipping opened up the vast interior of Latin America to immigration.
A.) Between 1900-1950
B.) Between 1825-1875
C.) The first quarter of the 19th century
D.) Between 1950-2000
E.) The last quarter of the 19th century

A

E.) The last quarter of the 19th century

21
Q

Which of the following countries did NOT emerge as one of the most important foreign influences on Latin America after the region declared its independence from Spain and Portugal in the 19th century?
A.) The USA
B.) Great Britain
C.) Russia
D.) All of these became power players in the region in the 19th century.
E.) France

A

C.) Russia

22
Q

The “cosmic race” refers to ___________.
A.) People of mixed ancestry (European/African/Indigenous)
B.) Native Americans
C.) Creoles
D.) Whites (Europeanized elites)

A

A.) People of mixed ancestry (European/African/Indigenous)

23
Q

Which of the following groups of countries experienced revolutions of importance in the 20th century?
A.) Uruguay, Chile, Costa Rica, Argentina
B.) Mexico, Chile, Argentina, Cuba, Costa Rica
C.) Cuba, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Guatemala, Mexico
D.) Argentina, Chile, Cuba, Nicaragua

A

C.) Cuba, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Guatemala, Mexico

24
Q

A South American counterpart to NAFTA is Mercosul (or Mercosur): Mercado Común del Sur. These are both examples of the recent trend in Latin America: namely, the creation of trading blocs through regional integration.
A.) True
B.) False

A

A.) True

25
Q
Which of the following countries is NOT of overwhelming European descent?
A.) Costa Rica
B.) Chile
C.) Argentina
D.) Mexico
E.) Uruguay
A

D.) Mexico

26
Q
Put the following movements in chronological order (from1-4)
A.) Modernism
B.) the "boom"
C.) Naturalism and Realism
D.) Romanticism
A

3 A.) Modernism
4 B.) the “boom”
2 C.) Naturalism and Realism
1 D.) Romanticism