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Bacteriology Practice Questions > Test 1: Corynebacterium (Gram +) > Flashcards

Test 1: Corynebacterium (Gram +) Flashcards

1
Q

Is Corynebacterium

Catalase negative

or

Catalase positive?

A

Corynebacterium

is

catalase POSITIVE +++

like staphylococcus

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2
Q

T/F

Pleiomorphism is a characteristic of Corynebacterium

A

TRUE

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3
Q

Corynebacterium

are ___________

meaning they have packets of parallel “palisades”

or

crisscrossing cells “chinese letters”

A

Corynebacterium

are

diphteroid

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4
Q

If you see “gram positive rods that stain irregularly”

what bacteria do you have?

A

Corynebacterium

gram + bacillus, non-acid fastness causes irregular staining

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5
Q

What are the only 2 Corynebacterium

Veterinary pathogens?

A
  • Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis*
  • Corynebacterium renale*
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6
Q

Which *Corynebacterium *species causes human pathogenesis?

A

Corynebacterium diphteriae

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7
Q

Which species of Corynebacterium causes

abcesses in cows and horses

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

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8
Q

Which species of Corynebacterium

causes lymphadenitis and lymphangitis?

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

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9
Q

Which species of Corynebacterium

causes disease of the urinary tract

in ruminants?

A

Corynebacterium renale

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10
Q

Which species of Corynebacterium

produces a

potent exotoxin?

A

Corynebacterium diphteriae

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11
Q

Which species of Corynebacterium is

Zoonotic?

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

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12
Q

The cell wall of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

is typical for a gram + bacteria,

except for the addition of ________ acid

and a high concentration of lipids

A

MYCOLIC acid

in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

cell walls

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13
Q

What is the function of the virulence factors

lipotechoic acid and peptidoglycan

in the Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

A

lipotechoic acid and peptidoglycan are

PROINFLAMMATORY

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14
Q

What is the most importan virulence factor for

  • Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis*
    (hint: it’s an exotoxin)
A

Phospholipase D (PLD)

most important virulence factor for

  • Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis*
  • Fag ABCD plays a role in iron acquisition*
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15
Q

What are the 2 biotypes of

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

A

Equine biotype - Horses and cows

Ovine Biotype- Ovines and caprines

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16
Q

Which biotype of

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

is

NITRATE +

A

The EQUINE BIOTYPE of

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

is

Nitrate positive!

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17
Q

Which biotype of

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

is

NITRATE –

A

The

OVINE BIOTYPE

of

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

is

Nitrate negative!!

18
Q

What is the reservoir for

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

A

Found in lesions but also in the

GI Tract of normal animals

Can be found in contaminated soil

19
Q

How is

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

transmitted?

A

Via DIRECT CONTACT

through shears, feeders, contaminated feed

20
Q

Trace the pathogenesis of

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

A

BacT in skin –> BacT multiply –> Phagocytic cell dies –>

Permeability –> Abcess in REGIONAL LYMPH NODE –>

Chronic condition leads to GRANULOMAS

21
Q

Describe the lesions found in

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

A

**Greenish **exudate

Pus **varies **from creamy to crumbly/dry “cheese”

22
Q

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

causes

Ulcerative Lymphangitis

in which animal species?

A

Ulcerative Lymphangitis

in

HORSES

23
Q

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

causes

Caseous Lymphadenitis

in which animal species?

A

Caseous Lymphadenitis

in

SHEEP AND GOATS

24
Q

The following characteristics describe which disease caused by

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Pectoral abcesses

Hematogenous dissemination is RARE

Ascends lymphatics from fetlock to inguinal region

A

Equine Ulcerative Lymphangitis

caused by

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection

25
Q

What disease caused by

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

is the most important for

economic loss

A

Caseous Lymphadenitis of Sheep and Goats

26
Q

The following characteristics describe which disease caused by

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Chronic abcessation of PERIPHERAL lymph nodes

Can see abcesses on face, neck, lungs, liver, chese

Onion ring appearance

Most infections are chronic

A

Caseous Lymphadenitis

of

Sheep and Goats

27
Q

Synergistic Hemolysis Inhibition test

is used to ID which strain of Corynebacterium?

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

synergy with R. equi

28
Q

T/F

The prognosis for infection by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

is good

A

FALSE

The prognosis is POOR for

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

29
Q

T/F

C. Renale

is considered normal flora

in the lower genital tract of CATTLE only

A

TRUE

​C. Renale is NORMAL FLORA

in CATTLE lower genital tract

30
Q

What 2 diseases are caused by

​C. Renale

in Bovines?

A

Bovine cystitis and Ascending Pyelonephritis

31
Q

What disease is caused in ovines by

​C. Renale?

A

Ovine Posthitis

aka

PIZZLE ROT/ SHEATH ROT

32
Q

T/F

​C. Renale

causes

Zoonosis

A

FALSE!!

*​C. Renale *does NOT cause Zoonosis

(But ​C. Pseudotuberculosis does!)

33
Q

Even though ​C. Renale is considered normal flora in the lower genital tract of cattle, it is not normal in the lower genital tract of

horses, dogs, and primates.

What does ​C. Renale cause in these animals?

A

**UTIs **

in

Horses, dogs, and primates

34
Q

How is ​C. Renale

transmitted?

A

Venereal route

and in

contaminated urine

35
Q

What are the major virulence factors for

​C. Renale?

A

Pili and fimbriae on surface

UREASES = virulence

36
Q

An acute or chronic ascending UTI caused by

​C. Renale

in cows

A

Bovine Pyelonephritis

37
Q

A necrotizing inflammation of the prepuce in castrated sheep or goats caused by

​C. Renale

A

Ovine Posthitis (Pizzle Rot/ Sheath Rot)

38
Q

What is the dietary risk factor that can cause

*​C. Renale *induced Ovine Posthitis (Pizzle Rot)?

A

HIGH PROTEIN DIET is a risk factor for Ovine Posthitis

because it causes high alkaline urine and produces ammonia (urease)

which is thought to initiate the inflammatory process

39
Q

What are the clinical signs of

*​C. Renale *induced Ovine Posthitis?

A

Painful urination

Purulent exudate in urine

Scarring of preputial orafice (obstructive uremia)

40
Q

You carry out a Christensen’s Urea Agar Slant

and notice that the diptheroid isolate

does an alkaline shift within

MINUTES of inoculation. What is the most likely pathogen?

A

​C. Renale

alkaline shift in minutes

41
Q

You take a sample of urine and test it.

The findings include:

  • Proteinuria
  • High alkalinity (pH 9.0)
  • Pleiomorphic gram + diphteroid rods

What is the most likely pathogen?

A

​C. Renale

Bacteriology Practice Questions (16 decks)

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