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History > Task 7 - Freud and Psychoanalysis > Flashcards

Task 7 - Freud and Psychoanalysis Flashcards

1
Q

Freuds research methods

A
  • medical case studies

- introspection + interpretation of therapist

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2
Q

Method of free association

A
  • encourage patients to let thoughts run free and report honestly on whatever came to their mind
  • patient stays conscious
  • before: pressure technique
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3
Q

Intrapsychic conflict

A
  • conscious: wants to be cured

- unconscious: fear of treatment

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4
Q

Seduction theory

A
  • all hysterics must have undergone sexual abuse as children
  • > symptoms function as defense
  • Freud realized its wrong but: sexuality must still play a role
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5
Q

Dream work: 3 processes

A

1) displacement
- manifest content symbolizes latent content (with image less distressing)
- Defensive function

2) condensation
- 2 or more latent thoughts condense onto a single manifest dream image

3) concrete representation
- manifest content represents latent content
- > concrete experienced sensations or hallucinations

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6
Q

Primary processes

A
  • unconscious
  • dreams and symptom formation
  • children
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7
Q

Secondary processes

A
  • conscious
  • rational thought
  • more mature
  • regression to primary thoughts (can also be positive -> artists
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8
Q

Wish fulfillment hypothesis

A
  • all dreams represent some element of the fulfillment of wishes
  • often latent content: represents wishes
  • manifest content: opposite of wish fulfillment
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9
Q

Freuds self analysis - his own development

A
  • death of father -> depression
  • his childhood dream
  • > interpreted it as having 2 wishes:
  • his fathers death
  • mothers sexual attention
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10
Q

Oedipus complex

A
  • infantile desire to possess opposite sexed parent for ones exclusive sexual pleasure
  • get rid of same sex parent as major rival
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11
Q

Childhood sexuality

A
  • much broader than normal adult kind

- generalized human sexual drive from birth

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12
Q

Stages of childhood sexuality

A

1) polymorphous perversity
- innate sexual pleasure from stimulation any body part

2) erogenous zone

3) oral zone
- early infancy

4) Anal zone
5) genital zone

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13
Q

Age 5

A
  • conflict acute -> Oedipus complex

- child represses Oedipal wishes -> forces them into unconsciousness

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14
Q

Puberty

A
  • latency stage
  • positive feelings with same sex parents
  • positive identification with that parent
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15
Q

Anal character

A
  • parents strict in enforcement of toilet training
  • orderly person
  • parsimonious (geizig)
  • obstinate (stur)
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16
Q

Oral character

A
  • interested in oral activities -> eating, drinking, smoking…
  • too little stressed by parents -> cheerful, optimistic
  • too much stressed -> envious, pessimistic, acquisitive (habgierig)
17
Q

The Id

A
  • unconsciousness
  • drives, instinct, needs
  • pleasure principle
  • like newborn baby
  • selfish
18
Q

Ego

A
  • center of consciousness
  • executive part of personality
  • mediates among demands of Id, superego and reality
19
Q

Superego

A
  • pre conscious level
  • outside of awareness but still accessible
  • represents internalized ideals
  • provides standards for judgement
  • norms, values, moral
20
Q

Id, ego, superego and hysteria

A

-hysterical symptoms represent compromises in which external reality is largely ignored

21
Q

Different Defence Mechanisms (6)

-> compromises of ego

A
  • displacement
  • projection
  • intellectualization
  • denial
  • rationalization
  • identification
22
Q

Displacement

A

-redirect an impulse toward a substitute target

23
Q

Projection

A
  • person does not acknowledge own acceptable impulses

- > attributes them to someone else instead

24
Q

Intellectualization

A
  • impulse- and emotion- charged subject is directly approached, but in a strict, intellectual manner
  • avoids emotional involvement
25
Q

Rationalization

A

-people act because of one motive but explain behavior on basis of another more acceptable one

26
Q

Identification

A
  • when Oedipus complex ends-> latency phase
  • internalizing parents prohibitions against childhood sexuality
  • > superego develops
27
Q

Cathartic method

A
  • developed by Jonas Breuer

- remembering a scene under hypnosis -> expressing long suppressed emotion -> symptoms disappeared

28
Q

Pathogenic ideas

A
  • memories of emotionally charged experiences that have been ‘forgotten’
  • > stimuli that would normally arouse the memory now activated strangulated emotional energy
  • > conversions of emotional into physical energy
  • only people who could be deeply hypnotized could be treated by cathartic method
29
Q

Changes in treatment of mental disorders

A
  • informal support by family
  • asylums (like prisons)
  • from prisoners to patients (‘medical’ , ‘moral’ treatment)
  • neurologists: physicians interested in treatment of milder forms of mental problems outside fo asylums
  • Charcot as major forerunner
30
Q

Josef Breuer (1842-1925)

A
  • patient Bertha Pappenheim, patient Anna O.
  • developed cathartic method
  • mentor to Freud
31
Q

Jean-Martin Charcot

A
  • French neurologist
  • hypnosis and hysteria
  • in Paris -> Freud met him
32
Q

Erik Erikson (1902-1994)

A
  • German
  • first child psychoanalyst in Boston
  • invented the term ‘identity crises’
  • contribution to development and shape
  • he tutored art in Vienna for children whose parents were undergoing psychoanalysis by Freuds daughter Anna
  • he was invited by her to teach at a small private school
  • > entered psychoanalysis, training to become a psychoanalyst himself
  • Montessori education
  • 8 stages of development
  • personality development takes place through a series of crises that must be overcome and internalized by individual in preparation for next developmental stage
33
Q

Erik Erikson - Connection to Freud

A
  • Neo-Freudian, worked with Anna
  • accepted Freud theory
  • > didn’t focus on parent-child relationship as psychosexual aspects
  • more importance of the role of the ego
  • Erickson’s theory described development through entire lifespan ( Freuds theory ends at early adulthood)
34
Q

Freuds psychological treatment

A
  • talking to patients

- the unconscious mind plays a strong role in the control of people’s actions

History (10 decks)

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