Task 4 Consensus Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Task 4 Consensus Deck (16)
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1
Q

Associated

A

describes the relationship between two variables
→variables are associated if knowing the values of one variable tells you something about the values of the other variable that you would not know without this variable

2
Q

Response variable

A

measures an outcome of a study (dependent variable) y

3
Q

Explanatory variable

A

explains or causes changes in the response variable (independent values) x

4
Q

Scatterplots

A

shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same individuals. Values of one variable on the horizontal axis the other on the vertical axis.
→explanatory variable on the horizontal axis

5
Q

Examining a scatterplot

A

→look for the overall pattern and for striking deviations from the pattern
→overall pattern can be described by form, direction, and strength
→deviation mostly important are outliers

6
Q

linear (scatterplot)

A

• When the data lie in a roughly straight line in a scatterplot

7
Q

positive association

A

when above average variables tend to accompany the above average values of the other variable. Same with the below-average values (when the graph goes from the lower left corner to the upper right corner

8
Q

negative association

A

when above and below average values of different variables occur together (when the graph goes from the upper left corner to the lower right corner)

9
Q

Correlation

A

When r is positive it is positive association and visa versa
When r goes near –1 or +1 one it is a strong relationship

10
Q

The two way table

A

is used when both variables are categorical, that gives counts for each combination of values of the two categorical variables

11
Q

Row variable (two way table)

A

(met requirement) because each horizontal row in the table describes whether or not was met.

12
Q

Column variable (two way table)

A

age is the column variable because each vertical column describes one age group

13
Q

Joint distribution (two way table)

A

dividing the cell entry by the total sample size, the collection of these proportions is the joint distribution

14
Q

Marginal distribution (two way table)

A

Divide one variable with the total amount of both variables

15
Q

Conditional distributions

A

When we condition on the value of one variable and calculate the distribution of the other variable, we obtain a conditional distribution (how many have met the requirement and how many not

16
Q

Simpsons paradox

A

An association or comparison that holds for all of several groups can reverse direction when the data are combined to form a single group. This reversal is called Simpson’ paradox