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Flashcards in Task 4 Deck (21)
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1
Q

What does the ARG method tries to determine ?

A
  • It dertermines if an aregument is cogent (überzeugend)
2
Q

What are the three categorize regarding the ARG method ?

A
A = Acceptable premise (regarding to the addressed person and yourself) -> works on premise
R = Premise have to be RELEVANT for the conclusion -> works on premise
G = Does the premise provide GOOD GROUNDS for the conclusion  -> works on conclusion (is it true)
3
Q

What are the three types of ethics ?

A
  • Mathematics
  • Normative ethics
  • applied ethics
4
Q

What does mathematics regading ethics mean/stand for ?

A
  • Mathematics investigates where our ethical principles come from and what they in general mean
  • Based on mathematics we gain universal answers
5
Q

What does normative ethics mean/stand for ?

A
  • moral standards that regulate right and wrong behaviour

- We should do to others what we would want others to do to us (golden rule)

6
Q

What does aplied ethics mean/stand for ?

A
  • involves examining specific controversial issues

- Example: such as abortion

7
Q

What is egoism ?

A
  • All of our actions are based on selfishness
8
Q

What is meant by psychological hedonism ?

A
  • the view that

pleasure is the specific driving force behind all of our actions

9
Q

What is meant by psychological altruism ?

A
  • some of our actions are motivated by instinctive benevolence/goodwill
10
Q

What does a moral utterance (äußerung) need ?

A
  1. Emotive = Expressing my emotions about a specific behaviour
  2. Prescriptive: It is kinda like a command that u should donate to charity
11
Q

What is meant by virtues rules (tugend)?

A
  • It argues that morality is not learned but developed trhough ot good habbits of character
  • Also it means to avoid bad characteristics (vices)
12
Q

How do people usually set up there rules of life/morality ?

A
  • rules of morality must be learned
  • They consists of precisely definition
    on how to behave
  • “don’t kill,” or “don’t steal
13
Q

What are the four cardinal virtues originally founded by plato ?

A
  • wisdom, courage,

temperance and justice.

14
Q

Which were the three theological virtues which Aristotles added to platos existing virtues ?

A
  • faith, hope, and charity
15
Q

How else can our morality be determine ?

A
  • Weighing the consequences of our actions (solely)

- Action is right if it is more favorable then unfavorable

16
Q

What is meant by the ethical egoism regarding the cosequentialism ?

A
  • it means that an action is morally right if the consequences of that action are more favorable than unfavorable only to the agent performing the action
17
Q

What is meant by the ethical alturism regarding the cosequentialism ?

A
  • it means that an action is morally right if the consequences of that action are more favorable than unfavorable to everyone except the agent
18
Q

What is meant by the ethical utilitarianism regarding the cosequentialism ?

A
  • it means that an action is morally right if the consequences of that action are more favorable than unfavorable to everyone
19
Q

What is meant by deontological ?

A
  • These are
    obligatory principles, irrespective of the consequences that might follow from our
    action
  • Taking care of a child
20
Q

How did Kant define dutys ?

A
  • regarding the cartegorical imperative
21
Q

What are the 3 dutys acording to the rights theory ?

A
  • life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness