surgery on the voice lecture Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in surgery on the voice lecture Deck (30)
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1
Q

what is reinke’s oedema?

A

the swelling of the vocal cords because of fluid between mucosa and vocal ligament (reinke’s area)

2
Q

what are the symptoms of reinke’s oedema?

A

very hoarse voice
dysphonia
shortness of breath

3
Q

what causes reinke’s oedema?

A

being a smoker usually

hyperthyroidism

4
Q

how do you manage RO?

A

microlaryngoscopy (excision of mucosa and aspiration of fluid)

5
Q

what are vocal nodules and what causes them?

A

they are small swellings -usually bilateral- caused by hyperfunction/vocal trauma/friction
if ignored can turn fibrous

6
Q

what are the symptoms of vocal nodules?

A

hoarseness
reduced pitch control
reduced register

7
Q

how would you treat vocal nodules?

A

first you would speech therapy

then surgery considered

8
Q

what is vocal cord paralysis?

A

when the nerve to one or both of the vocal chord is not functioning

9
Q

what causes vocal cord palsy?

A

smoking

lung cancer can be a big factor as pressur from tumour can press on nerve

10
Q

what are the symptoms of vocal cord palsy?

A

breathy voice
tiring to speak
cough mechanism not working

11
Q

how would you manage vocal cord palsy?

A

speech therapy

not whispering -speaking normally

12
Q

what surgery would fix vocal cord palsy?

A

medialisation laryngoplasty

13
Q

what is laryngeal papillomatosis?

A

a condition in which benign tumours form rapidlyin the larynx

14
Q

what causes laryngeal papillomatosis?

A

HPV infection -strains 6 and 11

15
Q

what are the symptoms of papillomatosis?

A

weak voice

trouble breathing

16
Q

how is papillomatosis treated?

A

microlaryngoscopy which involves an endoscope and a Co2 laser

17
Q

what are vocal cord cysts?

A

rare begin masses that are usually unilateral

18
Q

what are the symptoms of vocal cysts?

A

hoarse voice

problems with pitch

19
Q

how would you treat vocal cord cysts?

A

voice therapy

surgical excision

20
Q

what are vocal polyps?

A

swellings, can be unilateral but usually bilateral.

21
Q

what causes of vocal polyps?

A

vocal abuse e.g. shouting, hyperfunction

22
Q

what are the symptoms of vocal polyps?

A

hoarseness

breathiness

23
Q

what is the treatment for vocal polyps?

A

depends on the cause and size but you can have surgery or speech therapy

24
Q

what is the difference between vocal nodules and polyps?

A

polyps tend to be bigger

polyps are more like blisters and nodules calluses

25
Q

what causes chronic laryngitis?

A

long term smoking

26
Q

what are the symptoms of chronic laryngitis?

A

hoarse voice
loss of voice
swollen glands in neck

27
Q

what must happen if you are diagnosed with chronic laryngitis?

A

stop smoking
need biopsy
voice therapy

28
Q

what is dysplasia?

A

the presence of abnormal cells in tissue that can be a precursor to malignancy

29
Q

what does dysplasia clinically present as?

A

hoarseness

leukoplakia

30
Q

what should happen after a diagnoses?

A

biopsy
stop smoking
surgery